Iyini insimbi futhi yenziwa kanjani?
Uma insimbi ixutshwe nekhabhoni nezinye izinto ibizwa ngokuthi insimbi. Ingxube ephumayo inezinhlelo zokusebenza njengengxenye eyinhloko yezakhiwo, ingqalasizinda, amathuluzi, imikhumbi, izimoto, imishini, izinto zikagesi ezahlukahlukene, kanye nezikhali. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuningi kakhulu ngenxa yokuthi insimbi inamandla amakhulu okudonseka kanye nezindleko eziphansi.
Ubani owakuthola?
Izibonelo zokuqala zensimbi zitholakale eTurkey futhi zisukela emuva ngo-1800BC. Ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi kwanamuhla kuqale emuva kuSir Henry Besseme waseNgilandi owathola indlela yokukhiqiza ngobuningi obukhulu futhi engabizi kakhulu.
I-Jindalai Steel Group ingumkhiqizi ohamba phambili kanye nomthengisi we-coil/sheet/plate/strip/pipe yensimbi engagqwali.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Iron ne-Steel?
Insimbi iyinto eyenzeka ngokwemvelo etholakala emvelweni ngaphakathi kwe-Iron Ore. Insimbi iyinto eyinhloko yeNsimbi, okuyi-alloy yeNsimbi ene-Steel eyinhloko. Insimbi inamandla kuneNsimbi, inezimo zokucindezelwa okungcono kanye nokucindezelwa.
Ziyini izakhiwo zensimbi?
● Insimbi inamandla aphezulu okubambelela
● Iyaguquguquka – okwenza kube lula ukuyibumba
● Ukuqina – okuvumela insimbi ukuthi imelane namandla angaphandle.
● Ukuqhuba kahle – kuhle ekuhambiseni ukushisa nogesi, kuyasiza ezitsheni zokupheka kanye nasezintanjeni.
● Ukukhanya – insimbi inokubukeka okukhangayo, okunjengesiliva.
● Ukumelana Nokugqwala – ukungezwa kwezinto ezahlukahlukene ngamaphesenti ahlukahlukene kungenza insimbi ngesimo sensimbi engagqwali ibe nokumelana okukhulu nokugqwala.
Yikuphi okunamandla, insimbi noma i-titanium?
Uma ixutshwe nezinye izinsimbi ezifana ne-aluminium noma i-vanadium, i-titanium alloy inamandla kunezinhlobo eziningi zensimbi. Ngokuphathelene namandla aphelele, i-titanium alloys engcono kakhulu ishaya izinsimbi ezingagqwali ezisezingeni eliphansi kuya kweliphakathi. Kodwa-ke, izinga eliphezulu lensimbi engagqwali linamandla kune-titanium alloys.
Yiziphi izinhlobo ezine zensimbi?
(1) Insimbi Yekhabhoni
Izinsimbi ze-carbon ziqukethe i-Iron, i-Carbon, nezinye izinto zokuxuba ezifana ne-Manganese, i-Silicon, ne-Copper.
(2) Insimbi Yengxubevange
Izinsimbi ze-alloy ziqukethe izinsimbi ze-alloy ezivamile ngezilinganiso ezahlukene, okwenza lolu hlobo lwensimbi lufanelekele ukusetshenziswa okuthile.
(3) Insimbi Engagqwali
Nakuba izinsimbi ezingagqwali zakhiwa yizinsimbi eziningana zensimbi, ngokuvamile ziqukethe i-chromium engu-10-20%, okwenza kube yinto eyinhloko yokuhlanganisa. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zensimbi, izinsimbi ezingagqwali zimelana nokugqwala cishe izikhathi ezingu-200, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo eziqukethe okungenani i-chromium engu-11%.
(4) Insimbi Yamathuluzi
Lolu hlobo lwensimbi luxutshwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kakhulu futhi luvame ukuba nezinsimbi eziqinile njenge-tungsten, i-cobalt, i-molybdenum, ne-vanadium. Njengoba zingagcini nje ngokumelana nokushisa kodwa futhi zihlala isikhathi eside, izinsimbi zamathuluzi zivame ukusetshenziselwa imishini yokusika nokubhoboza.
Yiliphi ibanga eliqine kakhulu?
I-SUS 440 – okuyizinga eliphezulu lensimbi yokusika enephesenti eliphezulu lekhabhoni, inokugcinwa okungcono kakhulu komphetho uma iphathwa kahle ngokushisa. Ingaqiniswa ibe lukhuni cishe lwe-Rockwell 58, okwenza ibe ngenye yensimbi engagqwali eqinile kakhulu.
Kungani insimbi ingabizwa ngokuthi insimbi?
Omunye wemibuzo evame ukubuzwa ngensimbi ukuthi kungani insimbi ingabhekwa njengensimbi? Insimbi, njengoba iyi-alloy futhi ngenxa yalokho akuyona into emsulwa, empeleni akuyona insimbi kodwa iwuhlobo lwensimbi esikhundleni sayo. Yakhiwe ngokwengxenye ngensimbi, insimbi, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi ine-carbon engeyona insimbi ekwakhekeni kwayo kwamakhemikhali, akuyona insimbi emsulwa.
Yiluphi uhlobo olusetshenziswa kakhulu?
I-304 Insimbi Engagqwali noma i-SUS 304 uhlobo oluvame kakhulu; insimbi engagqwali yakudala engu-18/8 (18% chromium, 8% nickel). Ngaphandle kwase-US, yaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi “insimbi engagqwali ye-A2”, ngokuvumelana ne-ISO 3506 (akufanele ididaniswe nensimbi yamathuluzi ye-A2)
Ingabe insimbi iyinto ehlala isikhathi eside?
Insimbi iyinto ehlala isikhathi eside ngoba uma isiyenziwe ingasetshenziswa, njengensimbi, kuze kube phakade. Insimbi iphinda isetshenziswe ngokungenamkhawulo, ngakho-ke ukutshalwa kwezimali ekwenzeni insimbi akusoze kwachithwa futhi kungasetshenziswa yizizukulwane ezizayo.
Amanye amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngensimbi
● Nakuba insimbi iyinto eqinile ngokwayo, insimbi ingaba namandla ngokuphindwe kayi-1000 kunensimbi.
● Ukugqwala kwensimbi kuyehla noma kume ngokuphelele lapho ugesi udlula ensimbini. Lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi i-Cathodic Protection futhi kusetshenziselwa amapayipi, imikhumbi, kanye nensimbi ekhonkrithini.
● Insimbi iyinto esetshenziswa kabusha kakhulu eNyakatho Melika – cishe u-69% wayo isetshenziswa kabusha minyaka yonke, okungaphezu kwepulasitiki, iphepha, i-aluminium, nengilazi kuhlangene.
● Insimbi yaqala ukusetshenziswa ezakhiweni eziphakeme ngonyaka ka-1883.
● Kudinga okungaphezu kokhuni lwezihlahla ezingu-40 ukwakha ikhaya elinohlaka lwezinkuni – ikhaya elinohlaka lwensimbi lisebenzisa izimoto ezingu-8 eziphinde zasetshenziswa.
● Imoto yokuqala yensimbi yenziwa ngonyaka ka-1918
● Amathini ensimbi noma ethini angu-600 aphinde asetshenziswe njalo ngomzuzwana.
● Kwasetshenziswa amathani angu-83,000 ensimbi ukwenza iGolden Gate Bridge.
● Inani lamandla adingekayo ukukhiqiza ithani lensimbi lincishiswe ngesigamu eminyakeni engama-30 edlule.
● Ngo-2018, ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi engahluziwe emhlabeni wonke kwaba ngamathani ayizigidi ezingu-1,808.6. Lokho kulingana nesisindo se-Eiffel Towers ezingaba ngu-180,249.
● Kungenzeka ukuthi uzungezwe yinsimbi okwamanje. Imishini yasekhaya evamile yakhiwe yimikhiqizo yensimbi engu-65%.
● Insimbi ikhona naku-electronics yakho! Kuzo zonke izinto ezakha ikhompyutha evamile, cishe u-25% wayo uyinsimbi.
I-Jindalai Steel Group - umkhiqizi odumile wensimbi egayiwe eShayina. Unesipiliyoni seminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 yentuthuko ezimakethe zomhlaba wonke futhi njengamanje unezimboni ezimbili ezinamandla okukhiqiza angaphezu kwamathani angu-400,000 ngonyaka. Uma ufuna ukuthola ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nezinto zensimbi, wamukelekile ukuxhumana nathi namuhla noma ucele isilinganiso.
INOMBOLO YOKUXHUMANA NABANTU:+86 18864971774I-WECHAT: +86 18864971774I-WHATSAPP:https://wa.me/8618864971774
I-IMEYILI:jindalaisteel@gmail.com sales@jindalaisteelgroup.com IWEBHUSAYITHI:www.jindalaisteel.com
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba 19-2022
