Iyini insimbi futhi yenziwa kanjani?
Uma i-ayoni ixutshwa nekhabhoni nezinye izakhi ibizwa ngensimbi. Ingxubevange ewumphumela inezinhlelo zokusebenza njengengxenye eyinhloko yezakhiwo, ingqalasizinda, amathuluzi, imikhumbi, izimoto, imishini, izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezihlukahlukene, nezikhali. Ukusetshenziswa kuningi ngenxa yamandla ensimbi aphezulu kanye nezindleko eziphansi.
Ubani owayithola?
Izibonelo zokuqala zensimbi zitholwe eTurkey futhi zihlehlela emuva ku-1800BC. Ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi yesimanje kusukela emuva kuSir Henry Bessemerof England owathola indlela yokukhiqiza thina umthamo ophezulu kanye nezindleko eziphansi.
I-Jindalai Steel Group ingumkhiqizi ohamba phambili kanye Nomthengisi wensimbi engagqwali ikhoyili/ishidi/ipuleti/i-strip/pipe.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Iron ne-Steel?
I-ayoni iyinto eyenzeka ngokwemvelo etholakala emvelweni ngaphakathi kwe-Iron Ore. I-ayoni iyingxenye eyinhloko Yensimbi, eyingxube ye-Iron enokwengezwa okukhulu kwensimbi. Insimbi inamandla kune-Iron, inezinto ezingcono zokudonsa kanye nokuminyanisa.
Yiziphi izakhiwo zensimbi?
● Insimbi Inamandla Aqinile Okushubile
● Iyathandeka - ukuyivumela ukuthi yakheke kalula
● Ukuqina - ukuvumela insimbi ukuthi imelane namandla angaphandle.
● I-Conductivity - ilungile ekufakeni ukushisa nogesi, iwusizo ezitsheni zokupheka nasezintanjeni.
● I-Luster - insimbi inokubukeka okukhangayo, okwesiliva.
● Ukumelana Nokugqwala - ukungezwa kwezakhi ezihlukahlukene ngamaphesenti ahlukahlukene kunganikeza insimbi ngesimo sensimbi engagqwali ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu.
Yikuphi okunamandla, Insimbi noma i-Titanium?
Uma ihlanganiswe nezinye izinsimbi ezifana ne-aluminium noma i-vanadium, i-titanium alloy inamandla kunezinhlobo eziningi zensimbi. Ngokwamandla aphelele, ama-alloy e-titanium angcono kakhulu ashaya izinsimbi ezingenasici ezisezingeni eliphansi ukuya kweliphakathi. Kodwa-ke, izinga eliphakeme kakhulu lensimbi engagqwali linamandla kune-titanium alloys.
Yiziphi izinhlobo ezi-4 zensimbi?
(1) Insimbi Yekhabhoni
Izinsimbi ze-Carbon ziqukethe i-Iron, I-Carbon, nezinye izakhi ze-alloying ezifana ne-Manganese, i-Silicon, ne-Copper.
(2) Ingxubevange Yensimbi
Izinsimbi ze-alloy ziqukethe izinsimbi ezivamile ze-alloy ngezilinganiso ezihlukene, okwenza lolu hlobo lwensimbi lufanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile.
(3) Insimbi Engagqwali
Nakuba izinsimbi ezingenasici zihlanganisa ama-alloys ensimbi amaningana, ngokuvamile aqukethe amaphesenti angu-10-20 e-chromium, okwenza kube yinto eyinhloko ye-alloying. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zensimbi, izinsimbi ezingenasici zimelana nokugqwala cishe izikhathi ezingu-200, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo eziqukethe okungenani amaphesenti angu-11 e-chromium.
(4) Insimbi Yensimbi
Lolu hlobo lwensimbi luxutshwa emazingeni okushisa aphakeme kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile luqukethe izinsimbi eziqinile njenge-tungsten, i-cobalt, i-molybdenum, ne-vanadium. Njengoba zingagcini nje ngokukwazi ukumelana nokushisa kodwa futhi zihlala isikhathi eside, izinsimbi zamathuluzi zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukusika nokubhoboza imishini.
Iliphi ibanga eliqine kakhulu?
I-SUS 440– okuyizinga eliphezulu lensimbi yokusika enephesenti eliphezulu lekhabhoni, inokugcinwa okungcono kakhulu konqenqema lapho iphathwe kahle ukushisa. Ingenziwa lukhuni icishe ibe ubulukhuni be-Rockwell 58, iyenze ibe enye yensimbi engagqwali eqine kakhulu.
Kungani insimbi ingabizwa ngokuthi insimbi?
Omunye wemibuzo evame ukubuzwa ngensimbi ukuthi kungani insimbi ingathathwa njengensimbi? Insimbi, eyingxubevange ngakho-ke ingeyona into ehlanzekile, ayiyona insimbi ngokobuchwepheshe kodwa iwukuhluka kokukodwa kunalokho. Ingxenye yakhiwe ngensimbi, insimbi, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi iphinde ibe nekhabhoni engeyona insimbi ekwakhekeni kwamakhemikhali, ayiyona insimbi emsulwa.
Iluphi uhlobo olusetshenziswa kakhulu?
I-304 Stainless Steel noma i-SUS 304 ibanga elivame kakhulu; i-classic 18/8 (18% chromium, 8% nickel) insimbi engagqwali. Ngaphandle kwe-US, ngokuvamile yaziwa ngokuthi “insimbi engagqwali i-A2”, ngokuvumelana ne-ISO 3506 (akumele kudidaniswe nensimbi yensimbi ye-A2)
Ingabe insimbi iyinto eqhubekayo?
Insimbi iyimpahla esimeme ngendlela eyingqayizivele ngoba uma seyenziwe ingasetshenziswa, njengensimbi, kuze kube phakade. Insimbi igaywa kabusha ngokungenamkhawulo, ngakho-ke utshalomali ekwenzeni insimbi alusoze lwamoshakala futhi lungasetshenziswa yizizukulwane ezizayo.
Amanye amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngensimbi
● Nakuba insimbi iyinsimbi eqinile iyodwa, insimbi ingaba namandla izikhathi eziyikhulu kunensimbi.
● Ukugqwala kwensimbi kunciphisa ijubane noma kuma ngokuphelele lapho ugesi udlula ensimbi. Lokhu kwaziwa ngokuthi yiCathodic Protection futhi isetshenziselwa amapayipi, imikhumbi, nensimbi kukhonkolo.
● Insimbi iyinto egaywe kabusha kakhulu eNyakatho Melika - cishe u-69% wayo ugaywa kabusha minyaka yonke, okungaphezu kwepulasitiki, iphepha, i-aluminium, nengilazi kuhlangene.
● Insimbi yaqala ukusetshenziselwa izakhiwo eziphakeme ngonyaka ka-1883.
● Kudinga okungaphezu kokhuni lwezihlahla ezingu-40 ukwakha ikhaya elakhiwe ngokhuni - ikhaya elakhiwe ngensimbi lisebenzisa izimoto ezingu-8 ezigaywe kabusha.
● Imoto yokuqala yensimbi yenziwa ngo-1918
● Amathini ensimbi noma amathini angu-600 agaywa kabusha umzuzwana ngamunye.
● Kwasetshenziswa amathani ensimbi angu-83 000 ekwenzeni iBhuloho Lesango Legolide.
● Inani lamandla adingekayo ukuze kukhiqizwe ithani lensimbi linqanyulwe phakathi kule minyaka engu-30 edlule.
● Ngo-2018, ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi engahluziwe emhlabeni wonke kwafinyelela amathani ayizigidi eziyi-1,808.6. Lokho kulingana nesisindo se-Eiffel Towers engaba ngu-180,249.
● Cishe njengamanje uzungezwe insimbi. Umshini ojwayelekile wasendlini wakhiwe ngama-65% emikhiqizo yensimbi.
● Insimbi iku-electronics yakho! Kuzo zonke izinto ezakha ikhompyutha evamile, cishe u-25% wayo uyinsimbi.
I-Jindalai Steel Group- ingumkhiqizi ohlonishwayo wezinsimbi zama-galvanized e-China. Ihlangabezana neminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 yentuthuko ezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe futhi njengamanje inamafekthri angu-2 anamandla okukhiqiza amathani angaphezu kuka-400,000 ngonyaka. Uma ufuna ukuthola ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nezinto zensimbi, wamukelekile ukuthi usithinte namuhla noma ucele isaphulelo.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-19-2022