Insimbi ihlukaniswa futhi ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amane: Izinsimbi zekhabhoni, Izinsimbi ze-alloy, Izinsimbi ezingagqwali Ithuluzi izinsimbi
Uhlobo 1-Izinsimbi zekhabhoni
Ngaphandle kwe-carbon ne-iron, izinsimbi ze-carbon ziqukethe amanani amancane kuphela wezinye izingxenye.Izinsimbi zekhabhoni yizona ezivame kakhulu emazingeni amane ensimbi, okubalelwa ku-90% wengqikithi yokukhiqizwa kwensimbi!Insimbi ye-Carbon ihlukaniswa ngamaqembu amancane amathathu ngokuya ngenani lekhabhoni ensimbi:
l Izinsimbi zekhabhoni ephansi/izinsimbi ezithambile (kufika ku-0.3% wekhabhoni)
l Izinsimbi zekhabhoni emaphakathi (0.3–0.6%)
l Izinsimbi ze-carbon ephezulu (ngaphezu kuka-0.6% carbon)
Izinkampani zivame ukukhiqiza lezi zinsimbi ngamanani amakhulu njengoba zibiza kakhulu futhi ziqinile ngokwanele ukuthi zisetshenziswe ekwakhiweni kwenani elikhulu.
Uhlobo 2-Izinsimbi ze-alloy
Izinsimbi ze-alloy zenziwe ngokuhlanganisa insimbi nezinto ezengeziwe ze-alloying ezifana ne-nickel, ithusi, i-chromium kanye/noma i-aluminium.Ukuhlanganisa lezi zakhi kuthuthukisa amandla, i-ductility, ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nokuqina kwensimbi.
Uhlobo 3-Izinsimbi ezingenasici
Amabanga ensimbi engagqwali ahlanganiswe ne-chromium engu-10-20% kanye ne-nickel, i-silicon, i-manganese, ne-carbon.Ngenxa yokwanda kwamandla okusinda esimweni sezulu esibi lezi zinsimbi zinokugqwala okuphakeme ngendlela emangalisayo futhi ziphephile ukuthi zisetshenziswe ekwakhiweni kwangaphandle.Amamaki ensimbi engagqwali nawo asetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni zikagesi.
Isibonelo, insimbi engagqwali engu-304 ifunwa kakhulu ngenxa yekhono layo lokumelana nemvelo kuyilapho igcina izinto zikagesi ziphephile.
Nakuba amamaki ensimbi engagqwali ahlukene, okuhlanganisa nama-304 ensimbi engagqwali, enendawo ezakhiweni, insimbi engagqwali ivame ukufunwa kakhulu ngezindawo zayo zokuhlanzeka.Lezi zinsimbi zitholakala kakhulu kumishini yezokwelapha, amapayipi, imikhumbi yokucindezela, amathuluzi okusika kanye nemishini yokucubungula ukudla.
Uhlobo 4-Izinsimbi zamathuluzi
Izinsimbi zamathuluzi, njengoba negama libonisa, zihamba phambili ekusikeni nasekumbaleni imishini.Ukuba khona kwe-tungsten, i-molybdenum, i-cobalt ne-vanadium kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukumelana nokushisa nokuqina okuvamile.Futhi ngenxa yokuthi zibamba umumo wazo ngisho nangaphansi kokusetshenziswa kakhulu, ziyizinto ezikhethwayo zamathuluzi amaningi ezandla.
Izigaba zensimbi
Ngaphandle kwamaqembu amane, insimbi ingabuye ihlukaniswe ngokusekelwe eziguquguqukayo ezahlukene ezihlanganisa:
Ukwakheka: i-carbon range, i-alloy, i-stainless, njll.
Indlela yokuqeda: ukugoqa okushisayo, ukugoqa okubandayo, ukubandayo kuqediwe, njll.
Indlela yokukhiqiza: isithando somlilo sikagesi, ukusakaza okuqhubekayo, njll.
I-Microstructure: i-ferritic, i-pearlitic, i-martensitic, njll.
Amandla omzimba: ngokwezindinganiso ze-ASTM
Inqubo ye-De-oxidation: ukubulawa noma ukubulawa kancane
Ukwelashwa kokushisa: i-annealed, tempered, njll.
I-nomenclature yekhwalithi: ikhwalithi yezohwebo, ikhwalithi yomkhumbi wengcindezi, ikhwalithi yokudweba, njll.
Iliphi ibanga elingcono kakhulu lensimbi?
Alikho ibanga lensimbi "elingcono kakhulu", njengoba izinga lensimbi elilungile lohlelo lokusebenza lincike ezintweni eziningi, njengokusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe, izidingo zemishini nezomzimba, kanye nemikhawulo yezezimali.
Amabanga ensimbi asetshenziswa njalo futhi athathwa njengochungechunge oluphezulu ohlotsheni ngalunye ahlanganisa:
Izinsimbi zekhabhoni: A36, A529, A572, 1020, 1045, kanye ne-4130
Izinsimbi ze-alloy: 4140, 4150, 4340, 9310, kanye no-52100
Izinsimbi ezingenasici: 304, 316, 410, kanye no-420
Izinsimbi zamathuluzi: i-D2, i-H13, ne-M2
I-JINDALAI iyiqembu lensimbi elihamba phambili elingahlinzeka ngawo wonke amabanga ensimbi kukhoyili, ishidi, ipayipi, ishubhu, induku, ibha, amaflantshi, izindololwane, amathayi, njll. Nikeza uJindalai umuzwa wokwethenjwa, futhi uzokwaneliseka ngomkhiqizo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-08-2023