Insimbi ihlukaniswa ngezigaba futhi ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amane: Izinsimbi zekhabhoni, Izinsimbi ze-alloy, Izinsimbi Ezingagqwali Izinsimbi zamathuluzi
Uhlobo 1-Izinsimbi zekhabhoni
Ngaphandle kwekhabhoni nensimbi, izinsimbi zekhabhoni ziqukethe inani elincane lezinye izingxenye kuphela. Izinsimbi zekhabhoni yizona ezivame kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezine zensimbi, ezibalelwa ku-90% womkhiqizo wensimbi iyonke! Insimbi yekhabhoni ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amancane amathathu ngokusekelwe enanini lekhabhoni ensimbini:
l Izinsimbi ezinekhabhoni ephansi/izinsimbi ezincane (kufika ku-0.3% yekhabhoni)
l Izinsimbi zekhabhoni eziphakathi nendawo (ikhabhoni engu-0.3–0.6%)
l Izinsimbi zekhabhoni ephezulu (ngaphezu kuka-0.6% ikhabhoni)
Izinkampani zivame ukukhiqiza lezi zinsimbi ngobuningi ngoba zishibhile futhi ziqinile ngokwanele ukuthi zingasetshenziswa ekwakheni okukhulu.
Uhlobo 2-Izinsimbi ze-alloy
Izinsimbi ze-alloy zenziwa ngokuhlanganisa insimbi nezinto ezengeziwe zokuhlanganisa njenge-nickel, ithusi, i-chromium kanye/noma i-aluminium. Ukuhlanganisa lezi zinto kuthuthukisa amandla, ukuguquguquka, ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nokusebenza kahle kwensimbi.
Uhlobo 3-Izinsimbi ezingagqwali
Amagreyidi ensimbi engagqwali axutshwe ne-10–20% ye-chromium kanye ne-nickel, i-silicon, i-manganese, ne-carbon. Ngenxa yamandla awo akhulayo okusinda esimweni sezulu esibi lawa ma-steel anokumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu kakhulu futhi aphephile ukuwasebenzisa ekwakheni ngaphandle. Amagreyidi ensimbi engagqwali nawo avame ukusetshenziswa kumadivayisi kagesi.
Isibonelo, insimbi engagqwali engu-304 ifunwa kakhulu ngenxa yekhono layo lokubekezelela imvelo ngenkathi igcina izinto zikagesi ziphephile.
Nakuba amazinga ahlukene ensimbi engagqwali, okuhlanganisa nensimbi engagqwali engu-304, enendawo ezakhiweni, insimbi engagqwali ivame ukufunwa ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo zokuhlanzeka. Lezi zinsimbi zitholakala kabanzi kumadivayisi ezokwelapha, amapayipi, imithambo yokucindezela, izinsimbi zokusika kanye nemishini yokucubungula ukudla.
Uhlobo 4-Izinsimbi zamathuluzi
Izinsimbi zamathuluzi, njengoba igama lisho, zisebenza kahle kakhulu emishinini yokusika nokubhoboza. Ukuba khona kwe-tungsten, i-molybdenum, i-cobalt ne-vanadium kusiza ekuthuthukiseni ukumelana nokushisa kanye nokuqina okuvamile. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi zigcina isimo sazo ngisho nalapho zisetshenziswa kakhulu, ziyizinto ezikhethwa kakhulu ngamathuluzi amaningi esandla.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwensimbi
Ngaphandle kwamaqembu amane, insimbi ingahlukaniswa ngokusekelwe eziguquguqukweni ezahlukene ezifaka:
Ukwakheka: uhla lwekhabhoni, i-alloy, i-stainless, njll.
Indlela yokuqeda: ukugoqwa okushisayo, ukugoqwa okubandayo, ukuqedwa okubandayo, njll.
Indlela yokukhiqiza: isithando sikagesi, ukusatshalaliswa okuqhubekayo, njll.
Isakhiwo esincane: i-ferritic, i-pearlitic, i-martensitic, njll.
Amandla angokomzimba: ngokwezindinganiso ze-ASTM
Inqubo yokususa i-oxidation: ibulewe noma ibulawe kancane
Ukwelashwa ngokushisa: okufakwe emanzini abandayo, okuthambile, njll.
Ukuqanjwa kwekhwalithi: ikhwalithi yezentengiselwano, ikhwalithi yemikhumbi yokucindezela, ikhwalithi yokudweba, njll.
Yiliphi izinga lensimbi elingcono kakhulu?
Akukho sigaba sensimbi "esingcono kakhulu" esikhona emhlabeni wonke, njengoba isigaba sensimbi esifanele kakhulu sokusetshenziswa sincike ezintweni eziningi, njengokusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe, izidingo zemishini nezomzimba, kanye nemikhawulo yezezimali.
Amamaki ensimbi asetshenziswa njalo futhi abhekwa njengochungechunge oluphezulu kuzo zonke izinhlobo afaka:
Izinsimbi zekhabhoni: A36, A529, A572, 1020, 1045, kanye no-4130
Izinsimbi ze-alloy: 4140, 4150, 4340, 9310, kanye no-52100
Izinsimbi ezingagqwali: 304, 316, 410, kanye no-420
Izinsimbi zamathuluzi: D2, H13, kanye ne-M2
I-JINDALAI iyiqembu lensimbi elihamba phambili elingahlinzeka ngazo zonke izinhlobo zensimbi nge-coil, ishidi, ipayipi, ishubhu, induku, ibha, ama-flange, izindololwane, ama-tee, njll. Nika i-Jindalai umuzwa wokuthembana, futhi uzokwaneliseka ngomkhiqizo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-08-2023
