Emhlabeni wokwenziwa kwensimbi, ukwelashwa okungaphezulu kwensimbi engagqwali kuyinqubo ebucayi ethuthukisa ukuqina kwempahla, ukukhanga kobuhle, kanye nokumelana nokugqwala. KwaJindalai Steel Company, sisebenza ngokukhethekile ekuhlinzekeni ngemikhiqizo yensimbi engagqwali yekhwalithi ephezulu, futhi siyakuqonda ukubaluleka kwezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenzayo. Le bhulogi izocubungula ubuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene bokwelapha indawo yensimbi engenasici, igxile ezinqubweni ezivame kakhulu: i-picling and passivation.
Yiziphi Izindlela Zokwelapha Ezingaphezulu Zensimbi Engagqwali?
Izindlela zokwelapha ezingaphezulu zensimbi engagqwali zingahlukaniswa kabanzi ngezinqubo zemishini namakhemikhali. Izindlela zemishini zihlanganisa ukupholishwa, ukugaya, nokuqhumisa, okushintsha indawo engaphezulu ngokomzimba ukuze kuthuthukiswe isiphetho sawo futhi kususe ukungapheleli. Izindlela zamakhemikhali, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zibandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwezixazululo ezithile ukuze kuzuzwe izakhiwo ezifiselekayo, njengokumelana nokugqwala okuthuthukisiwe.
I-Pickling and Passivation: Izinqubo Eziyinhloko
Izinqubo ezimbili ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zokwelapha indawo yamakhemikhali yensimbi engagqwali i-pickling kanye ne-passivation.
I-Pickling inqubo esusa ama-oxide, isikali, nokunye ukungcola ebusweni bensimbi engagqwali. Lokhu kuvame ukufezwa kusetshenziswa ingxube yama-asidi, njenge-hydrochloric noma i-sulfuric acid. Inqubo yokukhetha ayigcini nje ngokuhlanza indawo engaphezulu kodwa futhi iyilungiselela ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, iqinisekisa ukunamathela okufanele kwezingubo zokumboza noma ukuqeda.
I-passivation, ngakolunye uhlangothi, inqubo ethuthukisa ungqimba lwe-oxide yemvelo ensimbi engagqwali, inikeze umgoqo owengeziwe ngokumelene nokugqwala. Lokhu kuvame ukufezwa ngokuphatha insimbi ngesisombululo esiqukethe i-citric noma i-nitric acid. I-passivation ibalulekile ekugcineni ubuqotho bensimbi engagqwali ezindaweni ezinokhahlo, okwenza kube isinyathelo esibalulekile enqubweni yokwelapha engaphezulu.
Imiyalo Eqondile Ye-Pickling and Passivation
Uma kuziwa ekukhetheni nasekuvumeleni, ukulandela imiyalelo ethile kubalulekile ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu.
1. Iziyalezo Zokwelashwa Kokukha:
- Qinisekisa ukuthi insimbi engagqwali ihlanzekile futhi ayinawo amafutha noma ukungcola.
– Lungiselela ikhambi lokukhetha ngokweziqondiso zomkhiqizi, uqinisekise ukugcwala okulungile kwama-asidi.
– Gxilisa izingxenye zensimbi engagqwali esixazululweni sobude besikhathi esinconyiwe, ngokuvamile obusukela emaminithini ambalwa ukuya emahoreni ambalwa, kuye ngogqinsi longqimba lwe-oxide.
– Geza kahle ngamanzi ukuze unciphise i-asidi futhi ukhiphe noma yiziphi izinsalela.
2. Imiyalelo Yokwelashwa Kwe-Passivation:
– Ngemva kokukhetha, hashaza izingxenye zensimbi engagqwali ukuze ususe noma iyiphi i-asidi esele.
- Lungiselela isixazululo se-passivation, uqinisekise ukuthi sihlangabezana nemininingwane edingekayo.
Gcoba insimbi engagqwali kusixazululo se-passivation ngesikhathi esinconyiwe, ngokuvamile phakathi kwemizuzu engama-20 kuya kwengama-30.
– Hlanza ngamanzi akhishwe yi-deionized ukuze ususe noma isiphi isixazululo se-residual passivation bese usula izingxenye ngokuphelele.
Umehluko Phakathi Kwe-Pickling ne-Passivation
Nakuba kokubili ukuqoqwa kanye nokwedlula kubalulekile ekwelapheni kwensimbi engagqwali, kufeza izinhloso ezahlukene. I-Pickling igxile kakhulu ekuhlanzeni indawo engaphezulu nasekususeni ukungcola, kuyilapho i-passivation ihlose ukuthuthukisa ungqimba lwe-oxide oluvikelayo, ukuthuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala. Ukuqonda lo mehluko kubalulekile ekukhetheni indlela yokwelapha efanele ngokusekelwe esicelweni esithile kanye nezimo zemvelo.
Isiphetho
KwaJindalai Steel Company, siyaqaphela ukuthi ukwelashwa okungaphezulu kwensimbi engagqwali akusona nje isinyathelo senqubo yokukhiqiza; kuyingxenye ebalulekile enquma ubude besikhathi nokusebenza komkhiqizo wokugcina. Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bensimbi engagqwali bokwelapha, okuhlanganisa ukucosha kanye nokunciphisa, siqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo yethu ihlangabezana namazinga aphezulu kakhulu ekhwalithi nokuqina. Noma ngabe udinga insimbi engagqwali yokwakha, ezezimoto, nanoma yimuphi omunye umkhakha, ubuchwepheshe bethu ezinqubweni zokwelashwa kwendawo yensimbi buqinisekisa ukuthi uthola izixazululo ezingcono kakhulu zezidingo zakho.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-03-2024