Izinqubo zokwelapha ukushisa kwensimbi zingahlukaniswa cishe ngezigaba ezintathu: ukwelashwa kokushisa okuphelele, ukwelashwa kokushisa okungaphezulu kanye nokwelashwa kokushisa kwamakhemikhali. Kuye ngokuthi indawo yokushisa isetshenziswa kanjani, izinga lokushisa lokushisa kanye nendlela yokupholisa, isigaba ngasinye singahlukaniswa ngezinqubo eziningana ezahlukene zokwelapha ukushisa. Kusetshenziswa izinqubo ezahlukene zokwelapha ukushisa, insimbi efanayo ingathola izakhiwo ezahlukene futhi ngaleyo ndlela ibe nezakhiwo ezahlukene. Insimbi iyinsimbi esetshenziswa kakhulu embonini, futhi isakhiwo esincane sensimbi siyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngakho-ke kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinqubo zokwelapha ukushisa kwensimbi.
Ukwelashwa ngokushisa okuphelele kuyinqubo yokwelashwa ngokushisa kwensimbi efudumeza umsebenzi wokusebenza wonke bese uyipholisa ngesivinini esifanele ukushintsha izakhiwo zawo zomshini. Ukwelashwa ngokushisa okuphelele kwensimbi ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa izinqubo ezine eziyisisekelo: ukuqinisa, ukujwayeza, ukucima kanye nokushisa.
1. Ukufakwa
Ukuhlanganisa i-annealing kuwukushisa i-workpiece ezingeni lokushisa elifanele, ukusebenzisa izikhathi zokubamba ezahlukene ngokuya ngezinto zokwakha kanye nosayizi we-workpiece, bese uyipholisa kancane kancane. Inhloso ukwenza isakhiwo sangaphakathi sensimbi sifinyelele noma sisondele esimweni sokulingana, noma ukukhulula ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi okudalwe enkambisweni yangaphambilini. Ukuthola ukusebenza okuhle kwenqubo kanye nokusebenza kwenkonzo, noma ukulungiselela isakhiwo ukuze siqhubeke nokucima.
2. Ukwenza kube ngokwejwayelekile
Ukulungisa noma ukulungisa kabusha ukushisa umsebenzi kufike ezingeni lokushisa elifanele bese uphola emoyeni. Umphumela wokulungisa kabusha ufana nowokunamathela, ngaphandle kokuthi isakhiwo esitholiwe singcono kakhulu. Sivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokusika kwezinto, futhi ngezinye izikhathi sisetshenziselwa ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezithile. Akuzona izingxenye eziphakeme njengokwelashwa kokushisa kokugcina.
3. Ukucima
Ukucima kusho ukushisa nokugcina umsebenzi, bese uwupholisa ngokushesha endaweni yokucima njengamanzi, uwoyela noma ezinye izixazululo zikasawoti ezingaphili, izixazululo zamanzi eziphilayo.
4. Ukulinganisela
Ngemva kokucima, insimbi iba lukhuni kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo iba buthakathaka. Ukuze kuncishiswe ubuthakathaka bezingxenye zensimbi, izingxenye zensimbi ezicinyiwe zigcinwa ekushiseni okufanele ngaphezu kokushisa kwegumbi nangaphansi kuka-650°C isikhathi eside, bese zipholiswa. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi ukufudumala. Ukuhlanganisa, ukuvuselela, ukucima, kanye nokushisa “yimililo emine” ekwelashweni kokushisa okuphelele. Phakathi kwazo, ukucima nokushisa kuhlobene kakhulu futhi kuvame ukusetshenziswa ndawonye futhi kubalulekile.
“Imililo Emine” ithuthukise izinqubo ezahlukene zokwelapha ukushisa ngamazinga okushisa ahlukene kanye nezindlela zokupholisa. Ukuze kutholakale amandla nokuqina okuthile, inqubo yokuhlanganisa ukucima nokushisa okuphezulu ibizwa ngokuthi ukucima nokushisa. Ngemva kokuba amanye ama-alloy ecinyiwe ukuze akhe isisombululo esiqinile esigcwalisiwe, agcinwa ekushiseni kwegumbi noma ekushiseni okuphezulu kancane isikhathi eside ukuze kuthuthukiswe ubulukhuni, amandla noma izakhiwo ze-electromagnetic ze-alloy. Le nqubo yokwelapha ukushisa ibizwa ngokuthi ukwelashwa kokuguga.
Indlela yokuhlanganisa ngempumelelo nangokuseduze ukucubungula ingcindezi ukuguqulwa kanye nokwelashwa kokushisa ukuze kutholakale amandla nokuqina okuhle kwento yokusebenza ibizwa ngokuthi ukwelashwa kokushisa kokuguqulwa; ukwelashwa kokushisa okwenziwa endaweni enengcindezi engemihle noma i-vacuum kubizwa ngokuthi ukwelashwa kokushisa komshini wokushisa, okungenzi nje kuphela ukuthi into yokusebenza ingasuswa i-oxidized noma ikhishwe i-carburized, futhi ubuso bento yokusebenza ephathwayo buzogcinwa bubushelelezi futhi buhlanzekile, kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwento yokusebenza. Ingaphathwa futhi ngamakhemikhali ngokushisa nge-ejenti engena ngaphakathi.
Njengamanje, njengoba ubuchwepheshe be-laser ne-plasma bukhula ngokuvuthwa, lobu buchwepheshe obubili busetshenziselwa ukufaka ungqimba lwezinye izembozo ezingagugi, ezingagqwali noma ezingamelani nokushisa ebusweni bezinsimbi ezivamile zensimbi ukushintsha izakhiwo zobuso bezinto zokusebenza zokuqala. Le ndlela entsha ibizwa ngokuthi ukuguqulwa kobuso.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-31-2024
