Kunezindlela eziyishumi ezivame ukusetshenziswa zokucima umlilo enkambisweni yokwelapha ukushisa, okuhlanganisa ukucima okuphakathi okukodwa (amanzi, uwoyela, umoya); ukucima okuphakathi okubili; ukucima okunezinga le-martensite; indlela yokucima okunezinga le-martensite ngaphansi kwe-Ms point; indlela yokucima i-bainite isothermal; indlela yokucima okuhlanganisiwe; indlela yokucima i-isothermal yangaphambi kokupholisa; indlela yokucima ukupholisa okubambezelekile; indlela yokucima ukuziqinisa; indlela yokucima isifutho, njll.
1. Ukucima okuphakathi okukodwa (amanzi, uwoyela, umoya)
Ukucima okukodwa okuphakathi (amanzi, uwoyela, umoya): Ingxenye yokusebenza eshiswe yafinyelela ekushiseni kokucima ifakwa endaweni yokucima ukuze iphole ngokuphelele. Lena indlela elula yokucima futhi ivame ukusetshenziselwa izingxenye zokusebenza zensimbi yekhabhoni kanye nensimbi ye-alloy ezinezimo ezilula. Ingxenye yokucima ikhethwa ngokuya nge-coefficient yokudlulisa ukushisa, ukuqina, usayizi, ukuma, njll. kwengxenye.
2. Ukucima okuphakathi okuphindwe kabili
Ukucima okuphakathi okubili: Ingxenye yokusebenza efudunyezwayo ekushiseni kokucima iqala ipholiswe eduze nephuzu lika-Ms endaweni yokucima enekhono lokupholisa elinamandla, bese idluliselwa endaweni yokucima kokupholisa okuhamba kancane ukuze iphole iye ekamelweni lokushisa ukuze ifinyelele amazinga okushisa okupholisa okuhamba kancane ahlukene futhi inezinga lokupholisa lokucisha elifanele kakhulu. Le ndlela ivame ukusetshenziselwa izingxenye ezinezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi noma izingxenye ezinkulu zomsebenzi ezenziwe ngensimbi enekhabhoni ephezulu kanye nensimbi ye-alloy. Izinsimbi zamathuluzi ekhabhoni nazo zivame ukusetshenziswa. Imithombo yokupholisa evame ukusetshenziswa ifaka uwoyela wamanzi, i-nitrate yamanzi, umoya wamanzi, kanye nomoya wamafutha. Ngokuvamile, amanzi asetshenziswa njengendawo yokucima kokupholisa okusheshayo, kanti uwoyela noma umoya usetshenziswa njengendawo yokucima kokupholisa okuhamba kancane. Umoya awusetshenziswa kakhulu.
3. Ukucima okunezinga le-martensite
Ukucima okunezinga le-Martensitic: insimbi iyafakwa kwi-austenit, bese ifakwa endaweni ewuketshezi (ibhavu likasawoti noma i-alkali bath) enezinga lokushisa eliphakeme kancane noma eliphansi kancane kunephuzu eliphezulu le-Martensite lensimbi, futhi igcinwe isikhathi esifanele kuze kube yilapho izingxenye zensimbi zangaphakathi nezangaphandle zifika endaweni efudumele ephakathi, ziyakhishwa ukuze ziphole, bese i-austenite epholile kakhulu iguqulwa kancane kancane ibe yi-martensite ngesikhathi senqubo yokucima. Ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa izinto zokusebenza ezincane ezinezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezidingo zokuguqulwa okuqinile. Le ndlela ivame ukusetshenziswa nasekucimeni amathuluzi nezinhlobo zensimbi ezisheshayo kanye nezinsimbi ezi-alloy eziphezulu.
4. Indlela yokucima enezinga le-Martensite ngaphansi kwe-Ms point
Indlela yokucima enezinga le-Martensite ngaphansi kwe-Ms point: Lapho izinga lokushisa lokugeza liphansi kune-Ms yensimbi yokusebenza futhi liphakeme kune-Mf, i-workpiece iphola ngokushesha ebhavini, futhi imiphumela efanayo ne-graded quenching isatholakala uma usayizi mkhulu. Ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa izinsimbi ezinkulu zensimbi ezinokuqina okuphansi.
5. Indlela yokucima i-Bainite isothermal
Indlela yokucima i-bainite isothermal: Umsebenzi ucinywa ebhavini elinezinga lokushisa eliphansi le-banite lensimbi ne-isothermal, ukuze kwenzeke ukuguqulwa kwe-banite ephansi, futhi ngokuvamile igcinwa ebhavini imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-60. Inqubo yokunciphisa i-banite inezinyathelo ezintathu eziyinhloko: ① ukwelashwa kwe-austenitizing; ② ukwelashwa kokupholisa ngemva kokupholisa; ③ ukwelashwa kwe-banite isothermal; okuvame ukusetshenziswa ensimbini ye-alloy, izingxenye ezincane zensimbi enekhabhoni ephezulu kanye ne-ductile iron castings.
6. Indlela yokucima okuhlanganisiwe
Indlela yokucima okuhlanganisiwe: qala ngokucisha umsebenzi ube ngaphansi kuka-Ms ukuze uthole i-martensite enengxenye yevolumu engu-10% kuya ku-30%, bese kuba yi-isotherm endaweni engezansi ye-bainite ukuze uthole izakhiwo ze-martensite ne-bainite zezingxenye ezinkulu zomsebenzi. Ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa izingxenye zomsebenzi zensimbi ze-alloy.
7. Indlela yokupholisa ngaphambi kokupholisa kanye neyokucima i-isothermal
Indlela yokucima i-isothermal ngaphambi kokupholisa: ebizwa nangokuthi ukucima i-isothermal ngokushisa, izingxenye ziqala zipholiswe ebhavini elinezinga lokushisa eliphansi (elingaphezu kuka-Ms), bese zidluliselwa ebhavini elinezinga lokushisa eliphakeme ukuze kubangele ukuthi i-austenite iguqukele ekushiseni. Ifanele izingxenye zensimbi ezinokuqina okungekuhle noma izingcezu ezinkulu zomsebenzi okumele ziqiniswe.
8. Indlela yokupholisa nokucima ebambezelekile
Indlela yokucima ukupholisa okubambezelekile: Izingxenye ziqala zipholiswe emoyeni, emanzini ashisayo, noma ebhavini likasawoti ezingeni lokushisa eliphakeme kancane kune-Ar3 noma i-Ar1, bese kwenziwa ukucima okukodwa okuphakathi nendawo. Kuvame ukusetshenziselwa izingxenye ezinezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezahlukene futhi ezidinga ukuguqulwa okuncane.
9. Indlela yokucisha nokuzibamba
Indlela yokucisha nokuzimela: Lonke i-workpiece okufanele icutshungulwe iyashiswa, kodwa ngesikhathi sokucisha, ingxenye kuphela edinga ukuqina (ngokuvamile ingxenye esebenzayo) ecwiliswa oketshezini lokucisha bese ipholiswa. Lapho umbala womlilo wengxenye engacwilisiwe unyamalala, yikhiphe ngokushesha emoyeni. Inqubo yokucisha okuphakathi nendawo. Indlela yokucisha nokuzimela isebenzisa ukushisa okuvela enkabeni okungapholiswanga ngokuphelele ukuze kudluliselwe ebusweni ukuze kuthokoziswe ubuso. Amathuluzi avame ukusetshenziswa ukumelana nokushayisana njengezinsika, izibhakela, izando, njll.
10. Indlela yokucima isifutho
Indlela yokufutha ngesifutho: Indlela yokufutha lapho amanzi efuthwa khona endaweni yokusebenza. Ukugeleza kwamanzi kungaba kukhulu noma kube kuncane, kuye ngokujula kokucima okudingekayo. Indlela yokufutha ngesifutho ayenzi ifilimu yomusi ebusweni bendawo yokusebenza, ngaleyo ndlela iqinisekisa ungqimba oluqinile olujulile kunokucima amanzi. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekucimeni indawo yokusebenza.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-08-2024
