1. Izakhiwo zemishini zensimbi engenasici
Izakhiwo ezidingekayo zemishini zivame ukunikezwa ngokutholakala kokuthenga ngensimbi engenasici. Izakhiwo ezisezingeni eliphansi zinikezwa ngamazinga ahlukahlukene ahambelana nefomu lemikhiqizo kanye nomkhiqizo. Ukuhlangabezana nalezi zindawo ezijwayelekile zemishini kukhombisa ukuthi lokho okuqukethwe kukhiqizwe kahle ngohlelo olufanele lwekhwalithi. Onjiniyela bangasebenzisa ngokuzethemba ngokwesibindi ngezinto ezibonakalayo ezihlangabezana nemithwalo kanye nezingcindezi eziphephile zokusebenza.
Izakhiwo zemishini ezichazwe ngemikhiqizo esongwe eyisicaba zivame ukuqina, ukucindezela ukuthengisa (noma ukucindezela ubufakazi), ukugcwala kanye nobulukhuni be-Brinell noma i-Rocwell noma ubulukhuni be-Brinell noma i-Rocwell. Izidingo zezezakhiwo zebha, i-tube, ipayipi kanye nokufakelwa ngokujwayelekile zisho amandla ashubile futhi ucindezele ukucindezela.
2. Kuthela amandla ensimbi engenasici
Ngokungafani nensimbi emnene, amandla wesivuno wensimbi e-auntenite antelite anpealed arainnitic angelona ingxenye ephansi kakhulu yamandla ashubile. Amandla wensimbi emnene ajwayelekile ajwayelekile angama-65-70% wamandla ashubile. Lesi sibalo sivame ukuba ngu-40-45% emndenini we-aututenitic.
Ukubanda kusebenza ngokushesha futhi kukhulisa kakhulu amandla okuvutha. Ezinye izinhlobo zensimbi engenasici, njengentwasahlobo enolaka, kungahle kube khona ukubanda ukuphakamisa amandla wesivuno kuma-80-95% wamandla ashubile.
I-3. Ukukhohlisa kwensimbi engenasici
Inhlanganisela yamanani aphezulu okuqina wokuqina kanye nokukhula okuphezulu / i-dectility kwenza insimbi engenasici kube lula kakhulu ukuba iboshwe. Ngale nhlanganisela yepropathi, insimbi engenacala ingakhubazeka kakhulu ekusebenzeni okufana nomdwebo ojulile.
I-Ductility imvamisa ilinganiswa njengo-% ebunjiwe ngaphambi kokuqhekeka ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezikebhe. Ama-anpeared auntenituc ama-auntenitutic angenasici anokunye okuphezulu. Izibalo ezijwayelekile zingama-60-70%.
4. Ubulukhuni lwensimbi engagqwali
Ubulukhuni ukumelana nokungena kobuso obuthile. Abahloli bukaHardness balinganisa ukujula okuthi i-indenter kanzima kakhulu ingaphoqelelwa ebusweni bezinto ezibonakalayo. I-Brinell, i-Rocwell kanye nemishini ye-Vicker iyasetshenziswa. Ngayinye yalezi ine-indenter ehlukile ebunjiwe nendlela yokusebenzisa amandla owaziwayo. Ukuguqulwa phakathi kwezikali ezahlukahlukene ngakho-ke kulinganiselwa kuphela.
Amamaki okuqinisa i-martensitic kanye nemvula angaba nzima ukwelashwa okushisa. Amanye amamaki angaqina ngokusebenza kubanda.
5. Amandla ashubile wensimbi engenasici
Amandla asheshayo ngokuvamile okuwukuphela kwempahla emishini edingekayo ukuchaza imikhiqizo ye-bar nemikhiqizo ye-wire. Amamaki abonakalayo abonakalayo angasetshenziswa emandleni ahlukahlukene ashubile wezicelo ezihluke ngokuphelele. Amandla asetshenzisiwe asetshenzisiwe we-bar kanye nemikhiqizo ye-wire ahlobana ngokuqondile ukusetshenziswa kokugcina ngemuva kokuqanjwa.
I-Spring Wire ivame ukuba namandla aphezulu kakhulu ngemuva kokuqanjwa. Amandla aphezulu afakiwe ngenxa yokusebenza kubandayo kube yimithombo ehlanganisiwe. Ngaphandle kwalawa mandla aphezulu intambo bekungeke kusebenze kahle njengentwasahlobo.
Amandla aphezulu aphezulu awadingeki ukuthi ucingo lusetshenziswe ekwakheni noma ukuluka izinqubo. I-wire noma ibha esetshenziswe njengezinto ezivuthiwe ze-fasteners, njengezinsimbi nezikulufo, idinga ukuthamba ngokwanele ngekhanda bese kuthi i-Found izokwenziwa ngokwanele.
Imindeni ehlukene yensimbi engenacala ivame ukuba namandla ahlukile futhi avune. Lawa mandla ajwayelekile wokuqukethwe okuveziwe achazwe etafuleni 1.
Ithebula 1. Amandla ajwayelekile wensimbi engenamikhawulo evela emindenini ehlukene
| Amandla asheshayo | Amandla okuthela | |
| Auntenitic | I-600 | 25 |
| Duphaza | I-700 | I-450 |
| -Fuvumbili | 500 | I-280 |
| Umfelinsitic | I-650 | 350 |
| Ukuqina kwezulu | 1100 | 1000 |
I-6. Izakhiwo ezibonakalayo zensimbi engenasici
● Ukuphikiswa kokugqwala
● Ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu nokuphansi
● Ukuncipha kokubumba
● Amandla aphezulu
● Ukukhanga kobuhle
● inhlanzeko kanye nokuhlanzeka kokuhlanza
● Umjikelezo wempilo ende
● Iphinde isebenze kabusha
● I-LOW Magnetic Permeability
7. Ukumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi engenasici
Ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kuyisici sazo zonke izinsimbi ezingenasici. Amabanga aphansi Alloy angamelana nokugqwala ezimweni ezijwayelekile. Ama-alloys aphezulu amelana ne-corrision ngama-acid amaningi, izixazululo ze-alkaline nezindawo ze-chloride.
Ukumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi engenasici kungenxa yokuqukethwe kwabo kwe-chromium. Ngokwejwayelekile, insimbi engagqwali iqukethe ubuncane bama-chromium ayi-10,5%. I-chromium ku-alloy yakha isendlalelo sokuzivikela esibonakalayo se-oxide solide esibonisa umoya ngokuzenzela umoya. Imvelo yokuziphilisa ye-oxide ungqimba ye-oxide isho ukumelana nokugqwala kuhlala kungagxili kungakhathalekile izindlela zokusebenzisa. Noma ingabe indawo ebonakalayo isikiwe noma ilimele, kuzokuphamba nokuphikisana nokugqwala.
8. Ukumelana nokushisa ngokweqile
Amanye amabanga angenasici angakwazi ukumelana nokukala nokugcina amandla aphezulu emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kakhulu. Amanye amamaki agcina izakhiwo eziphakeme zemishini emazingeni okushisa ama-cryogenic.
Amandla aphezulu ensimbi engenasici
Imiklamo yezakhi kanye nezindlela zokwakha zingashintshwa ukuze zisebenzise ngokuqiniseka kwe-Work Harding yensimbi engenasici eyenzeka lapho kubanda. Amandla aphezulu aphumela angavumela ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezincanyana, okuholela ezinyangeni eziphansi nezindleko.
I-Jindalai Steel Group ngumkhiqizi oholayo & othumela ngaphandle kwekhoyili yensimbi engagqwali / ishidi / ipuleti / strip / ipayipi. Ukuthola iminyaka engaphezu kwama-20 yentuthuko ezimakethe zamazwe aphesheya futhi njengamanje kunefektri engu-2 enekhono lokukhiqiza lamathani angaphezu kuka-400,000 ngonyaka. Uma ufuna ukuthola eminye imininingwane mayelana nezinto zokwakha insimbi engenasici, wamukelekile ukuxhumana nathi namuhla noma ucele isilinganiso.
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Isikhathi Seposi: Dece-19-2022