Ezinye Izakhiwo Zensimbi Engagqwali

1. Izakhiwo Zemishini Yensimbi Engagqwali
Izakhiwo ezidingekayo zokumakhenikha zivame ukunikezwa ekuthengeni izichasiselo zensimbi engagqwali. Ubuncane bezakhiwo zemishini nazo zinikezwa amazinga ahlukahlukene ahambisana nempahla kanye nefomu lomkhiqizo. Ukuhlangabezana nalezi zakhiwo ezijwayelekile zomshini kukhombisa ukuthi okokusebenza kukhiqizwe ngendlela efanele kusistimu yekhwalithi efanele. Onjiniyela bangabese besebenzisa ngokuzethemba okokusebenza ezakhiweni ezihlangabezana nemithwalo ephephile yokusebenza nezingcindezi.
Izakhiwo zikagesi ezishiwo emikhiqizweni egoqelwe isicaba ngokuvamile zingamandla aqinile, ingcindezi yesivuno (noma ingcindezi yobufakazi), ubude nokuqina kwe-Brinell noma i-Rockwell. Izidingo zezakhiwo zebha, ishubhu, ipayipi nokufakwa ngokuvamile zisho amandla aqinile kanye nengcindezi yokukhiqiza.

2. Phuma Amandla Ensimbi Engagqwali
Ngokungafani nezinsimbi ezithambile, amandla okukhiqiza ensimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic ingxenye ephansi kakhulu yamandla aqinile. Amandla okukhiqiza insimbi emaphakathi ngokuvamile angama-65-70% wamandla aqinile. Lesi sibalo sivame ukuba ngu-40-45% kuphela emndenini we-austenitic stainless.
Ukusebenza okubandayo ngokushesha futhi kwandisa kakhulu amandla esivuno. Ezinye izinhlobo zensimbi engagqwali, njengocingo olufudumele lwasentwasahlobo, zingasetshenzwa ukuze ziphakamise amandla okukhiqiza ziye ku-80-95% wamandla aqinile.

3. I-Ductility Yensimbi Engagqwali
Inhlanganisela yamazinga aphezulu okuqina komsebenzi kanye nobude obuphakeme / ukudumba kwenza insimbi engagqwali ibe lula kakhulu ukwenziwa. Ngale nhlanganisela yendawo, insimbi engagqwali ingakhubazeka kakhulu ekusebenzeni njengokudweba okujulile.
I-Ductility ivamise ukukalwa njenge-% ubude ngaphambi kokuphuka phakathi nokuhlolwa okuqinile. Izinsimbi ezingenasici ze-austenitic ezinealed zinebude obuphakeme kakhulu. Izibalo ezijwayelekile zingama-60-70%.

4. Ukuqina Kwensimbi Engagqwali
Ukuqina ukumelana nokungena kwendawo yezinto ezibonakalayo. Abahloli bokuqina bakala ukujula ukuthi i-indenter eqine kakhulu ingaphushwa ebusweni bento. Kusetshenziswa imishini kaBrinell, Rockwell kanye neVickers. Ngayinye yalezi ine-indenter enomumo ohlukile kanye nendlela yokusebenzisa amandla aziwayo. Ngakho-ke ukuguqulwa phakathi kwezikali ezihlukene kuyalinganiselwa kuphela.
Amabanga aqinisa i-Martensitic kanye nemvula angenziwa lukhuni ngokwelashwa kokushisa. Amanye amamaki angaqiniswa ngokusebenza okubandayo.

5. Amandla Aqinile Wensimbi Engagqwali
Amandla e-tensile ngokuvamile iwona kuphela impahla yemishini edingekayo ukuze kuchazwe ibha kanye nemikhiqizo yocingo. Amamaki ezinto ezifanayo angasetshenziswa ngamandla ahlukahlukene ukuze asetshenziswe izinhlelo ezihluke ngokuphelele. Amandla aqinile anikeziwe wemikhiqizo yebha neyocingo ahlobene ngokuqondile nokusetshenziswa kokugcina ngemva kokwenziwa.
I-Spring wire ivame ukuba namandla aqine kakhulu ngemuva kokwakhiwa. Amandla aphezulu anikezwa ukusebenza okubandayo emithonjeni egobile. Ngaphandle kwalawa mandla aphezulu ucingo ngeke lusebenze kahle njengesiphethu.
Amandla anjalo aqine kakhulu awadingeki ukuze ucingo lusetshenziswe ekwakheni noma ezinqubweni zokuluka. Intambo noma ibha esetshenziswa njengezinto ezingavuthiwe zokubopha, njengamabhawodi nezikulufu, idinga ukuthamba ngokwanele ukuze ikhanda nochungechunge lwakhiwe kodwa zibe namandla ngokwanele ukuze zisebenze ngokwanele kusevisi.
Imindeni ehlukene yensimbi engagqwali ijwayele ukuba namandla ahlukene okudonsa kanye nesivuno. Lawa mandla ajwayelekile wezinto ezifakiwe achazwe kuThebula 1.
Ithebula 1. Amandla ajwayelekile ensimbi engagqwali efakwe emindenini eyahlukene

	Amandla Okuqina	Isivuno Amandla
I-Austenitic	600	250
I-Duplex	700	450
I-Ferritic	500	280
I-Martensitic	650	350
Ukuqina Kwemvula	1100	1000

6. Izinto Ezingokoqobo Zensimbi Engagqwali
● Ukumelana nokugqwala
● Ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu nokuphansi
● Ukwakhiwa kalula
● Amandla Aphakeme
● Ukukhanga kobuhle
● Inhlanzeko kanye nokuhlanza kalula
● Umjikelezo wempilo ende
● Iyasebenziseka kabusha
● Amandla kazibuthe aphansi

7. Ukumelana Nokugqwala Kwensimbi Engagqwali
Ukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kuyisici sazo zonke izinsimbi ezingenasici. Amamaki e-alloy aphansi angamelana nokugqwala ezimeni ezijwayelekile. Ama-alloys aphezulu amelana nokugqwala ngama-asidi amaningi, izixazululo ze-alkaline nezindawo ze-chloride.
Ukumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi engagqwali kungenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo kwe-chromium. Ngokuvamile, insimbi engagqwali iqukethe ubuncane obungaba ngu-10.5% we-chromium. I-chromium ku-alloy yenza ungqimba lwe-oxide oluzivikelayo oluziphilisayo oluzenzela ngokuzenzekelayo emoyeni. Imvelo yokuziphilisa yongqimba lwe-oxide isho ukuthi ukumelana nokugqwala kuhlala kunjalo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwenziwa. Noma ngabe ingaphezulu lempahla lisikiwe noma lilimele, lizoziphilisa lona futhi ukumelana nokugqwala kuzogcinwa.

8. Ukumelana Nokushisa Okudlulele
Amanye amamaki ensimbi engagqwali angamelana nokukalwa futhi agcine amandla aphezulu emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kakhulu. Amanye amabanga agcina izakhiwo eziphezulu zemishini emazingeni okushisa e-cryogenic.
Amandla Aphakeme Ensimbi Engagqwali
Imiklamo yezingxenye nezindlela zokwenziwa zingashintshwa ukuze kusetshenziswe ukuqina komsebenzi wezinsimbi ezingenasici okwenzeka lapho kubanda kusetshenzwa. Umphumela wamandla aphezulu angavumela ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezincane, okuholela ezisindweni eziphansi nezindleko.

I-Jindalai Steel Group ingumkhiqizi ohamba phambili & Umthumeli kwamanye amazwe ikhoyili yensimbi engagqwali/ishidi/ipuleti/i-strip/pipe. Ihlangabezana neminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 yentuthuko ezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe futhi njengamanje inamafekthri angu-2 anamandla okukhiqiza amathani angaphezu kuka-400,000 ngonyaka. Uma ufuna ukuthola ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nezinto zensimbi engagqwali, wamukelekile ukuthi usithinte namuhla noma ucele isaphulelo.

 

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