Esigabeni esikhulu sohwebo lwensimbi lomhlaba wonke, izindinganiso zensimbi zifana namarula anembile, akala ikhwalithi kanye nokucaciswa kwemikhiqizo. Amazinga ensimbi emazweni ahlukene nasezifundeni ahlukile, njengezitayela ezihlukene zomculo, ngasinye sidlala umculo ohlukile. Ezinkampanini ezihilelekile ekuhwebeni kwensimbi yamazwe ngamazwe, ukuqonda ngokunembile ukuqhathanisa kwebanga lezinto ezibonakalayo phakathi kwalawa mazinga kuyisihluthulelo sokuvula umnyango wokuhweba ngempumelelo. Akukwazi kuphela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi insimbi ehlangabezana nezidingo ithengwa, kodwa futhi igweme izingxabano ezihlukahlukene ezibangelwa ukungaqondi kahle kwamazinga ekuthengisweni, nokunciphisa izingozi zohwebo. Namuhla, sizogxila ensimbi evamile yaseRussia kanye nensimbi evamile yaseShayina, sihlaziye ngokujulile ukuqhathaniswa kwebanga lezinto ezibonakalayo phakathi kwazo, futhi sihlole imfihlakalo.
Ukuhunyushwa kwebanga lezinto zensimbi ezijwayelekile zesiShayina
Uhlelo olujwayelekile lwensimbi lwaseChina lufana nesakhiwo esihle, esiqinile futhi esihlelekile. Kulolu hlelo, insimbi evamile ye-carbon structural imelwe ngamamaki afana ne-Q195, Q215, Q235, ne-Q275. "Q" imele amandla esivuno, futhi inombolo inani lamandla esivuno kuma-megapascals. Uma sithatha i-Q235 njengesibonelo, inokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni emaphakathi, ukusebenza kahle okuphelele, amandla adidiyelwe, ukusebenza kwepulasitiki nokusebenza kokushisela, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ezakhiweni zokwakha nezobunjiniyela, njengokwakha amafreyimu ezitshalo, imibhoshongo yokudlulisa amandla kagesi aphezulu, njll.
Insimbi ene-low-alloy high-strength nayo idlala indima ebalulekile emikhakheni eminingi, njenge-Q345, Q390 namanye amabanga. Insimbi ye-Q345 inezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini ebanzi, izakhiwo zokushisela, izakhiwo ezishisayo nezibandayo zokucubungula kanye nokumelana nokugqwala. Insimbi ye-C, D kanye ne-E yebanga le-Q345 inokuqina okuhle kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa ezingxenyeni zesakhiwo ezishiselwe umthwalo ophezulu njengemikhumbi, ama-boilers nemikhumbi yokucindezela. Izinga layo lekhwalithi lisukela ku-A kuye ku-E. Njengoba okuqukethwe ukungcola kuncipha, ukuqina komthelela kuyanda, futhi kungajwayelana nezimo zokusetshenziswa eziqinile.
Ukuhlaziywa kwamabanga ajwayelekile wensimbi yaseRussia
Uhlelo olujwayelekile lwensimbi lwase-Russia lugxile kuzinga le-GOST, njengephazili ehlukile enomqondo wayo wokwakha. Ochungechungeni lwayo lwensimbi ye-carbon structural, amamaki ensimbi afana ne-CT3 avame kakhulu. Lolu hlobo lwensimbi lunokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni okusesilinganisweni futhi lusetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenziweni kwemishini, ukwakhiwa nakweminye imikhakha, njengokwenziwa kwezingxenye ezincane zemishini, kanye nokwakhiwa kwemishayo namakholomu ezakhiweni ezijwayelekile zokwakha.
Mayelana nensimbi ene-alloy ephezulu, amamaki afana ne-09G2С enza kahle kakhulu. Inesilinganiso esifanele sezakhi ze-alloy, amandla aphezulu nokusebenza okuhle kwe-welding, futhi ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza izingxenye ezinkulu zesakhiwo njengamabhuloho nemikhumbi. Ekwakhiweni kwebhuloho, ingakwazi ukumelana nemithwalo emikhulu kanye nokuhlolwa kwendawo yemvelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza kwebhuloho. Emiklamweni yokubeka ipayipi likawoyela negesi laseRussia, insimbi ehlangabezana nezindinganiso zaseRussia ingabonakala kaningi. Ngokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu namandla aphezulu, azivumelanisa nezimo ezinzima ze-geological kanye nesimo sezulu futhi aqinisekise ukuphepha kokuhamba kwamandla. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezindinganiso zaseShayina, izinsimbi ezijwayelekile zaseRussia zinokuhluka ekuhlinzekweni nasezimfuneko zokusebenza kokuqukethwe kwesici esithile, futhi lo mehluko ubuye uholele ezicini zabo ezimweni ezihlukene zohlelo lokusebenza.
Imininingwane yokuqhathanisa yamabanga wensimbi phakathi kweChina neRussia
Ukuze wethule ngokunembile ubudlelwano bokuqhathaniswa kwebanga lezinto ezibonakalayo phakathi kwensimbi evamile yaseRussia nensimbi evamile yaseShayina, okulandelayo ishadi lokuqhathanisa lezinsimbi ezivamile:
Thatha insimbi yamapayipi njengesibonelo. Kuphrojekthi yepayipi lamandla wokubambisana waseSino-Russian, uma uhlangothi lwaseRussia lisebenzisa insimbi ye-K48, uhlangothi lwaseShayina lungasebenzisa insimbi ye-L360 esikhundleni salokho. Zombili zinokusebenza okufanayo ngamandla nokuqina, futhi zingahlangabezana nezidingo zepayipi ukuze zimelane nokucindezela kwangaphakathi nendawo yangaphandle. Emkhakheni wokwakha, lapho amaphrojekthi wokwakha aseRussia esebenzisa insimbi ye-C345, insimbi yaseChina i-Q345 nayo ingenza umsebenzi omuhle ngezakhiwo ezifanayo zemishini kanye nokushisela okuhle ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza kwesakhiwo sokwakha. Lokhu kuqhathaniswa kwebanga lempahla kubalulekile ekuhwebeni kwangempela nobunjiniyela. Kungasiza izinkampani ziqondane ngokunembile nezidingo lapho zithenga futhi zisebenzisa insimbi, zikhethe insimbi ngokunengqondo, zinciphise izindleko, zikhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa okushelelayo kohwebo lwensimbi lwaseSino-Russian, futhi zinikeze ukwesekwa okuqinile kokuqaliswa ngempumelelo kwemiklamo ehlukahlukene yobunjiniyela.
Khetha i-Jindalai ukuze uvule isahluko esisha sokubambisana kwensimbi
Emhlabeni omkhulu wohwebo lwensimbi lwaseSino-Russian, iJindalai Steel Company ifana nenkanyezi ekhanyayo, ekhanya ngokugqamile. Sihlala sinamathela ekuphishekeleni okuphikelelayo kwekhwalithi. Kusukela ekuthengeni impahla eluhlaza kuya ekukhiqizweni nasekucutshungulweni, silawula ngokuqinile yonke inqubo ukuze siqinisekise ukuthi iqoqo ngalinye lensimbi liyahlangabezana noma lidlule izindinganiso ezifanele, sinikeza amakhasimende isiqiniseko sekhwalithi yomkhiqizo esihle kakhulu.
Ngemishini yokukhiqiza ethuthukisiwe kanye nesistimu yokuphatha ephumelelayo, sinamandla amakhulu okuhlinzeka. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iqoqo elincane lama-oda aphuthumayo noma ukubambisana okukhulu kwesikhathi eside, singaphendula ngokushesha, silethe ngesikhathi nangenani ukuze sihlangabezane nezidingo ezihlukahlukene zamakhasimende. Sazi kahle ukuthi isevisi yezinga eliphezulu iyisisekelo sokubambisana. Ithimba lezokuthengisa elichwepheshile lihlala lilungele ukunikeza amakhasimende uhla olugcwele lwezinsizakalo zokubonisana. Kusukela ekukhethweni komkhiqizo kuya ekusabalaliseni kwezinto, sonke isixhumanisi sihlelwa ngokucophelela ukuze amakhasimende angabi nazinkathazo.
Uma unezinye izidingo ekuthengeni insimbi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unesithakazelo ensimbi evamile yaseRussia noma insimbi evamile yaseShayina, sicela ukhululeke ukuxhumana nathi. Sibheke ngabomvu ukusebenzisana nawe ukuze sivule isahluko esisha sokubambisana kwensimbi futhi sidale ukukhalipha okwengeziwe esiteji sohwebo lwensimbi lwaseSino-Russian.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-09-2025