Esigabeni esikhulu sokuhweba ngensimbi emhlabeni wonke, amazinga ensimbi afana nababusi abaqondile, ukukala ikhwalithi kanye nokucaciswa kwemikhiqizo. Izindinganiso zensimbi emazweni ahlukene nezifunda zihlukile, njengezitayela ezahlukahlukene zomculo, ngamunye udlala umculo ohlukile. Ezinkampanini ezibandakanyeka ekuhwebeni kwensimbi yaphesheya, kahle kahle ukuqhathaniswa kwebanga elibonakalayo phakathi kwalezi zindinganiso kuyisihluthulelo sokuvula umnyango wokuhweba ngempumelelo. Akunakuqinisekisa nje ukuthi insimbi ehlangabezana nezidingo ithengwa, kepha futhi igwema izingxabano ezahlukahlukene ezibangelwa ukungaqondi kwamazinga kokuthengisa, futhi kunciphise ubungozi bokuhweba. Namuhla, sizogxila kwinsimbi ejwayelekile yaseRussia kanye nensimbi ejwayelekile yaseChina, sihlaziye ngokujulile ukuqhathaniswa kwebanga elibonakalayo phakathi kwabo, bese uhlola imfihlakalo.
Ukuhunyushwa kwebanga lensimbi elijwayelekile lensimbi
Uhlelo olujwayelekile lwensimbi laseChina lufana nesakhiwo esihle kakhulu, lulukhuni futhi oluhlelekile. Kulesi simiso, insimbi evamile yekhabhoni ye-carbon imelelwa amamaki anjenge-Q195, Q215, Q235, kanye ne-Q275. I- "Q" imele amandla okuthela, futhi inani liyinani lamandla wesivuno eMegapascasscass. Ukuthatha i-Q235 njengesibonelo, kunesibonelo esilinganiselwe se-carbon, ukusebenza okuhle okuhle, amandla ahlanganisiwe, ipulasitiki kanye nokusebenza kwe-welding, futhi kusetshenziswa amafreyimu wesitshalo sokwakha, imibhoshongo yokudluliswa kwamandla aphezulu, njll.
I-Low-Alloy enamandla anamandla anamandla nayo idlala indima enkulu emikhakheni eminingi, efana ne-Q345, Q390 namanye amabanga. Insimbi ye-Q345 inezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini, izakhiwo ze-welding, izakhiwo ezishisayo nezibandayo zokukhulisa kanye nokuphikiswa kokugqwala. C, d ne-grade Q345 Insimbi inezinkinga ezinhle zokushisa okuphansi futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa ezingxenyeni ezihlelekile ezinomthwalo ophakeme njengemikhumbi, ama-boilers kanye nemikhumbi yengcindezi. Ibanga layo lekhwalithi lisuka ku-A kuye ku-E. Njengoba okuqukethwe ukungcoliswa kwehla, ukuqina komthelela kukhuphuka, futhi kungazivumelanisa nezimo eziqinile zokusebenzisa izindawo.
Ukuhlaziywa kwamabanga ajwayelekile wensimbi yamabanga ajwayelekile
Uhlelo lwensimbi ejwayelekile ye-Russia lugxile kwi-Gost Standard, njengephazili ehlukile nge-logic yokwakha yayo. Kuchungechunge lwayo lwensimbi yensimbi ehlelekile, amamaki ensimbi afana ne-CT3 evame kakhulu. Lolu hlobo lwensimbi lunokuqukethwe okulinganiselayo kwekhabhoni futhi lusetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni imishini, ukwakhiwa kanye nezinye izinkambu, njengokukhiqizwa kwezinye izingxenye ezincane zomshini, kanye nokwakhiwa kwemishayo namakholomu ezinhlakeni ezijwayelekile zokwakha.
Ngokuya ngensimbi ephansi yamandla aphezulu, amamaki afana ne-09g2с enze kahle. Inesilinganiso esivumelekile sezinto ze-alloy, amandla aphezulu kanye nokusebenza okuhle kwe-welding, futhi kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izingxenye ezinkulu zesakhiwo ezinjengamabhuloho nemikhumbi. Ekwakhiweni kwebhuloho, ingamelana nemithwalo emikhulu kanye nokuhlolwa kwemvelo yemvelo ukuqinisekisa ukuqina kwebhuloho. E-Russia kawoyela kanye namapayipi e-ripeline ebeka amapayipi, insimbi ehlangabezana namazinga eRussia ngokuvamile angabonakala. Ngokumelana kahle nokugqwala okuhle namandla aphezulu, bayazivumelanisa nezimo ezinzima zezwe nezesimo sezulu futhi ziqinisekise ukuphepha kokuhamba kwamandla. Uma kuqhathaniswa namazinga aseChina, ama-standard ejwayelekile Russian anomehluko ekuhlinzekweni nasekuhlolweni kokusebenza kokuqukethwe kwento ethile, futhi lo mehluko futhi uholela ezimfanekisweni zabo ezimweni ezihlukile.
Ukuqhathanisa imininingwane yamabanga abonakalayo wensimbi phakathi kweChina naseRussia
Ukuze uveze ngokwengeziwe ubudlelwano bokuqhathanisa kwebanga elibonakalayo phakathi kwensimbi ejwayelekile yaseRussia kanye nensimbi ejwayelekile yesi-China, okulandelayo kuyishadi lokuqhathanisa lensimbi ejwayelekile:
Thatha insimbi yepayipi njengesibonelo. Kuphrojekthi ye-Sino-Russian Cooperative Energy Pipeline, uma uhlangothi lwaseRussia lusebenzisa insimbi ye-K48, uhlangothi lwesiShayina lungasebenzisa insimbi ye-L360 esikhundleni salokho. Ababili laba banezenzo ezifanayo ngamandla kanye nokuqina, futhi bangahlangabezana nezidingo zepayipi ukumelana nengcindezi yangaphakathi nemvelo yangaphandle. Emkhakheni wokwakha, lapho amaphrojekthi wokwakha amaRussia esebenzisa i-C345 Steel, i-Q345 yensimbi, i-Q345 yensimbi nayo ingenza umsebenzi omuhle nge-mehermical afana nemishini kanye nokuqina okuhle ukuqinisekisa ukuqina kwesakhiwo sokwakha. Lokhu kuqhathaniswa kwebanga lezinto ezibonakalayo kubalulekile kuhwebo lwangempela nobunjiniyela. Kungasiza izinkampani eziqondanisa ngezidingo zinembile lapho zithenga futhi zisebenzisa insimbi, zikhethe insimbi, zithuthukise izindleko, zithuthukise ukuthuthuka okubushelelezi kwezohwebo ezahlukahlukene zobunjiniyela.
Khetha uJindalai ukuvula isahluko esisha ukubambisana kwensimbi
Emhlabeni omkhulu we-Sino-Russian Traderation, inkampani yensimbi yeJindalai ifana nenkanyezi ekhanyayo, ecwebezelayo. Sihlala sinamathela ukuphishekela okuphikelelayo kwekhwalithi. Ukusuka ekuthengeni izinto ezibonakalayo zokukhiqiza nokucutshungulwa, silawula ngokuphelele yonke inqubo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-batch ngayinye yensimbi ihlangana noma idlula amazinga afanele, anikeze amakhasimende ngekhwalithi ephezulu yekhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
Ngemishini yokukhiqiza ethuthukile kanye nohlelo lokuphatha olusebenzayo, sinesilinganiso esinamandla sokuhlinzekwa. Noma ngabe kuyibhande elincane lama-oda aphuthumayo noma ukubambisana okukhulu kwesilinganiso eside, singaphendula ngokushesha, sekela ngesikhathi nangesibalo sokuhlangabezana nezidingo ezahlukahlukene zamakhasimende. Siyazi kahle ukuthi insiza esezingeni eliphakeme yitshe legumbi lokubambisana. Iqembu lezentengiso eliqeqeshiwe lihlala lilungele ukuhlinzeka amakhasimende uhla oluphelele lwezinsizakalo zokubonisana. Ukusuka ekukhetheni komkhiqizo ekusatshalalisweni kwezinto zokwakha, zonke izixhumanisi zihlelwe ngokucophelela ukuvumela amakhasimende angabi nezinkathazo.
Uma unezidingo zokuthengwa kwensimbi, noma ngabe unentshisekelo ngensimbi ejwayelekile yaseRussia noma ngensimbi ejwayelekile yaseChina, sicela ukhululeke ukuxhumana nathi. Silangazelela ukusebenzisana nawe ukuvula isahluko esisha sokubambisana sensimbi futhi sidale ubukhazikhazi obuthe xaxa esigabeni se-Sino-Russian Steel Trade.
Isikhathi sePosi: Mar-09-2025