Funda Ngezakhiwo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-Brass Metal

I-Jindalai (Shandong) Steel Group Co., Ltd. inikezela ngemikhiqizo yethusi ehlukahlukene ngobukhulu nenani ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zanoma iyiphi iphrojekthi.
1. Izakhiwo
● Uhlobo lwe-alloy: Kanambambili
● Okuqukethwe: I-Copper & Zinc
● Ukuminyana: 8.3-8.7 g/cm3
● Indawo Encibilika: 1652-1724 °F (900-940 °C)
● Ukuqina kukaMoh: 3-4

2. Izimpawu
Izakhiwo eziqondile zamathusi ahlukene zincike ekubunjweni kwe-alloy yethusi, ikakhulukazi isilinganiso se-copper-zinc. Nokho, ngokuvamile, zonke izithusi zibhekwa njengenani ngenxa yemishini yazo noma kalula insimbi engakhiwa ngayo ibe yizimo ezifiselekayo namafomu kuyilapho igcina amandla aphezulu.

Nakuba kunomehluko phakathi kobhedu olunokuqukethwe kwe-zinc ephezulu nephansi, wonke amathusi abhekwa njengangatholakali kalula futhi ane-ductile (izinc zethusi eziphansi kakhulu). Ngenxa yokuncibilika kwayo okuphansi, ithusi lingaphonswa kalula. Kodwa-ke, ngezinhlelo zokusebenza zokusakaza, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-zinc kuvame ukuthandwa.

Ama-Brasses ane-zinc ephansi angasebenza kalula, ashiselwe futhi aboshwe. Okuqukethwe kwethusi okuphezulu futhi kuvumela insimbi ukuthi yakhe ungqimba lwe-oxide evikelayo (i-patina) endaweni yayo evikela ukugqwala okuqhubekayo, impahla ebalulekile ekusetshenzisweni okuveza insimbi kumswakama kanye nesimo sezulu.

Insimbi inokubili ukushisa okuhle kanye ne-conductivity kagesi (i-conductivity yayo kagesi ingaba kusuka ku-23% kuya ku-44% yethusi elihlanzekile), futhi ayigugi futhi imelana nenhlansi. Njengethusi, izakhiwo zayo ze-bacteriostatic zibangele ukusetshenziswa kwayo ezindaweni zokugezela nasezikhungweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo.

I-Brass ithathwa njengengxube ephansi yokungqubuzana kanye ne-non-magnetic, kuyilapho izici zayo ze-acoustic zibangele ukusetshenziswa kwayo ezinsimbini zomculo eziningi 'zebhendi yethusi'. Amaciko nabadwebi bayayazisa izici zobuhle zensimbi, njengoba ingakhiqizwa ngemibala ehlukahlukene, kusukela kobomvu ngokujulile kuye kophuzi osagolide.

3. Izicelo
Izakhiwo ezibalulekile ze-Brass kanye nokulula kokukhiqiza kuyenze yaba enye yama-alloys asetshenziswa kakhulu. Ukuhlanganisa uhlu oluphelele lwazo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-brass' kungaba umsebenzi omkhulu, kodwa ukuthola umbono wezimboni nezinhlobo zemikhiqizo lapho kutholakala khona ithusi singahlukanisa futhi sifingqe okunye ukusetshenziswa kokuphela ngokusekelwe ebangeni lethusi elisetshenzisiwe:
● Ithusi lokusika lamahhala (isb i-C38500 noma i-60/40 yethusi):
● Amantongomane, amabhawodi, izingxenye ezinentambo
● Amatheminali
● Amajethi
● Ompompi
● Izijovo

4. Umlando
Ama-alloys e-Copper-zinc akhiqizwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lesi-5 BC eShayina futhi asetshenziswa kabanzi enkabeni ye-Asia ngekhulu lesi-2 nelesi-3 BC. Lezi zingcezu zensimbi zokuhlobisa, nokho, zingabizwa kangcono ngokuthi 'ama-alloys emvelo,' njengoba abukho ubufakazi bokuthi abakhiqizi bazo bahlanganisa ithusi ne-zinc ngokuqaphela. Esikhundleni salokho, kungenzeka ukuthi ama-alloys ancibilikiswa kusuka ezinsimbi zethusi ezinothe nge-zinc, akhiqiza izinsimbi ezingahluziwe ezifana nethusi.

Imibhalo yamaGreki neyamaRoma iphakamisa ukuthi ukukhiqizwa ngamabomu kwama-alloys afana nethusi lesimanje, kusetshenziswa i-copper kanye ne-zinc oxide-rich ore eyaziwa ngokuthi i-calamine, kwenzeka cishe ngekhulu lokuqala BC. i-crucible nge-ground smithsonite (noma i-calamine) ore.

Emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, i-zinc ekhona ku-ore enjalo iphenduka umhwamuko futhi ingene ethusi, ngaleyo ndlela ikhiqize ithusi elimsulwa elino-17-30% we-zinc. Le ndlela yokukhiqiza yethusi yasetshenziswa cishe iminyaka engu-2000 kuze kube sekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19. Kungakabiphi ngemva kokuba amaRoma ethole indlela yokukhiqiza ithusi, ingxubevange yayisetshenziselwa ukwenza imali ezindaweni zaseTurkey yanamuhla. Ngokushesha lokhu kwasakazeka kuwo wonke uMbuso WamaRoma.

5. Izinhlobo
'Ithusi' igama elivamile elibhekisela ezinhlobonhlobo zama-alloys e-copper-zinc. Eqinisweni, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-60 ezehlukene zethusi ezicaciswe yi-EN (European Norm) Standards. Lawa ma-alloys angaba nohlu olubanzi lokuqanjwa okuhlukahlukene kuye ngezakhiwo ezidingekayo kuhlelo lokusebenza oluthile.

6. Ukukhiqiza
I-Brass ivame ukukhiqizwa kusuka ku-copper scrap kanye nezinc ingots. I-Scrap yethusi ikhethwa ngokusekelwe ekungcoleni kwayo, njengoba izakhi ezithile ezengeziwe zifunwa ukuze kukhiqizwe izinga eliqondile lethusi elidingekayo.
Ngenxa yokuthi i-zinc iqala ukubila futhi ihwamuke ku-1665°F (907°C), ngaphansi kwendawo yokuncibilika yethusi ngo-1981° F (1083°C), ithusi kufanele lincibilike kuqala. Uma isincibilikile, i-zinc yengezwa ngenani elifanele izinga lethusi elikhiqizwayo. Ngenkathi ezinye izibonelelo zisasetshenziselwa ukulahlekelwa kwe-zinc ukuze kufakwe umhwamuko.

Kuleli qophelo, noma yiziphi ezinye izinsimbi ezengeziwe, ezifana nomthofu, i-aluminium, i-silicon noma i-arsenic, zengezwa engxubeni ukuze kwakhiwe i-alloy oyifunayo. Uma ingxubevange encibilikisiwe isilungile, ithululelwa esikhunjeni lapho iqina khona ibe ama-slabs amakhulu noma amabhilidi. Amabhilidi - ezikhathini eziningi awe-alpha-beta brass - angacutshungulwa ngokuqondile abe izintambo, amapayipi, namashubhu ngokusebenzisa i-hot extrusion, okuhlanganisa ukuphusha insimbi eshisayo ngedayizi, noma ukufoja okushisayo.

Uma engakhishiwe noma enziwe ngomgunyathi, amabhilidi abe eseshiswa futhi adliswa ngamarola ensimbi (inqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi i-hot rolling). Umphumela uba ama-slabs anogqinsi olungaphansi kwengxenye ye-intshi (<13mm). Ngemva kokupholisa, ithusi libe seliphakelwa ngomshini wokugaya, noma i-scalper, esika ungqimba oluncane lwensimbi ukuze kukhishwe amaphutha okuphonsa phezulu kanye ne-oxide.

Ngaphansi kwesimo segesi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukwenziwa kwe-oxidization, ingxubevange iyashisisa futhi igoqwe futhi, inqubo eyaziwa ngokuthi i-annealing ngaphambi kokuba igoqwe futhi emazingeni okushisa apholile (i-cold rolling) ibe amashidi angu-0.1" (2.5mm) awugqinsi. Inqubo yokugoqa ebandayo iyawohloka. ukwakheka okusanhlamvu kwangaphakathi kwethusi, okuholela ensimbi enamandla kakhulu futhi eqinile Lesi sinyathelo singaphindwa kuze kube yilapho ukuqina okufunayo kufinyelelwa.

Ekugcineni, amashidi ayasaha futhi agundwe ukuze kukhiqizwe ububanzi nobude obudingekayo. Wonke amashidi, ama-cast, ama-forged, kanye nezinto zethusi ezikhishwe zinikezwa ukugeza kwamakhemikhali, ngokuvamile, okwenziwe nge-hydrochloric ne-sulfuric acid, ukususa isikali se-copper oxide esimnyama futhi singcolise.

Amashidi namakhoyili e-Jindalai wethusi ogqinsile ukusuka ku-0.05 ukuya ku-50mm, futhi ku-annealed, ikota eqinile, eqinile uhhafu, kanye nolaka oluqinile. Amanye ama-temers nama-alloys ayatholakala futhi. Thumela uphenyo lwakho futhi sizokujabulela ukubonisana nawe ngobuchwepheshe.

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