Uma kukhulunywa ngezinsimbi eziphonswayo ezingashisi, kufanele sikhulume ngemboni yokwelapha ukushisa; uma kukhulunywa ngokwelapha ukushisa, kufanele sikhulume ngemililo emithathu yezimboni, ukuncibilikisa, ukucima, kanye nokushisa. Ngakho-ke umehluko uyini phakathi kwalokhu okuthathu?
(Okokuqala). Izinhlobo zokufaka i-annealing
1. Ukufuthwa okuphelele kanye nokufuthwa okungabonakali
Uku-annealing okuphelele kubizwa nangokuthi uku-recrystallization annealing, okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi uku-annealing. Lokhu ku-annealing kusetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuphotha, ukuphotha kanye namaphrofayili a-hot-rolled ezinsimbi ze-carbon ezahlukahlukene kanye nezinsimbi ze-alloy ezinezinhlanganisela ze-hypoeutectoid, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kusetshenziselwa izakhiwo ezihlanganisiwe. Ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa njengokwelashwa kokugcina kokushisa kwezinye izinto ezingabalulekile zomsebenzi, noma njengokwelashwa kwangaphambi kokushisa kwezinye izinto zomsebenzi.
2. ukufakelwa kwe-spheroidizing
I-spheroidizing annealing isetshenziswa kakhulu ensimbini yekhabhoni ene-hypereutectoid kanye nensimbi yamathuluzi e-alloy (njengezinhlobo zensimbi ezisetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni amathuluzi okusika, amathuluzi okulinganisa, kanye nezikhunta). Inhloso yayo eyinhloko ukunciphisa ubulukhuni, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwemishini, kanye nokulungiselela ukucima okulandelayo.
3. Ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka
Ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kubizwa nangokuthi ukucindezela kokushisa okuphansi (noma ukucindezela kokushisa okuphezulu). Lolu hlobo lokucindezela lusetshenziswa kakhulu ukuqeda ukucindezeleka okusele ekubunjweni, ekufakweni, ezingxenyeni zokushisela, ezingxenyeni ezigoqwe ngokushisa, ezingxenyeni ezidonswa kubanda, njll. Uma lokhu kucindezeleka kungasuswa, kuzokwenza izingxenye zensimbi ziguquguquke noma ziqhekeke ngemva kwesikhathi esithile noma ngesikhathi sezinqubo zokusika ezilandelayo.
(Okubili). Ukucima
Izindlela eziyinhloko ezisetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa ubulukhuni ukushisa, ukulondolozwa kokushisa, kanye nokupholisa okusheshayo. Izinto ezivame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu zokupholisa yi-brine, amanzi kanye namafutha. I-workpiece ecinyiwe emanzini anosawoti kulula ukuthola ubulukhuni obuphezulu kanye nobuso obubushelelezi, futhi ayithambekeli ezindaweni ezithambile ezingacinyiwe, kodwa kulula ukubangela ukuguquka okukhulu kwe-workpiece ngisho nokuqhekeka. Ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha njengendlela yokucima kufaneleka kuphela ekucimeni ezinye izinsimbi ze-alloy noma izinsimbi ze-carbon steel ezincane lapho ukuzinza kwe-austenite epholile kakhulu kukhulu khona.
(Ezintathu). Ukulinganisela
1. Nciphisa ukuphuka kwesikhumba bese ususa noma unciphise ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi. Ngemva kokucima, izingxenye zensimbi zizoba nokucindezeleka okukhulu kwangaphakathi kanye nokuphuka kwesikhumba. Uma zingashisi ngesikhathi, izingxenye zensimbi zivame ukuwohloka noma ziqhekeke.
2. Thola izakhiwo ezidingekayo zemishini yento yokusebenza. Ngemva kokucima, into yokusebenza inobulukhuni obuphezulu kanye nokuqhekeka okuphezulu. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokusebenza ezahlukene zento yokusebenza ehlukahlukene, ubulukhuni bungalungiswa ngokufaka ukushisa okufanele, kuncishiswe ukuqhekeka kanye nokuthola ubulukhuni obudingekayo. Ukubumbana.
3. Usayizi we-workpiece ozinzile
4. Kwezinye izinsimbi ze-alloy okunzima ukuzithambisa ngokuzithambisa, ukufudumala okushisa okuphezulu kuvame ukusetshenziswa ngemuva kokucima (noma ukujwayeza) ukuqoqa kahle ama-carbide ensimbini nokunciphisa ubulukhuni ukuze kube lula ukusika.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-10-2024
