Ngenxa yokuthi ipayipi livame kakhulu phakathi kwezimboni eziningi kangaka, akumangazi ukuthi izinhlangano eziningi ezahlukene zezindinganiso zithinta ukukhiqizwa nokuhlolwa kwepayipi ukuze lisetshenziswe kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi.
Njengoba uzobona, kukhona ukufana okuthile kanye nomehluko phakathi kwezinhlangano zezindinganiso okufanele abathengi baziqonde ukuze bakwazi ukuqinisekisa imininingwane enembile yamaphrojekthi abo.
1. I-ASTM
I-ASTM International ihlinzeka ngezindinganiso zezinto zezimboni kanye nezinsizakalo kuzo zonke izigaba zezimboni. Le nhlangano ishicilele amazinga angaphezu kuka-12,000 asetshenziswa njengamanje ezimbonini emhlabeni jikelele.
Izindinganiso ezingaphezu kwe-100 ziphathelene namapayipi ensimbi, amapayipi, izinto zokufaka kanye nama-flange. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlangano zezindinganiso ezithinta amapayipi ensimbi emikhakheni ethile yezimboni, izindinganiso ze-ASTM zimboza izinhlobo eziningi zamapayipi asetshenziswa cishe kuyo yonke imboni ongayicabanga.
Isibonelo, i-American Piping Products inohlu oluphelele lwamapayipi e-A106. Izinga le-A106 limboza ipayipi lensimbi yekhabhoni elingenamthungo ukuze lisetshenziswe emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Lelo zinga aligcini ipayipi kunoma yiluphi uhlelo oluthile lwezimboni.
2. I-ASME
I-American Society of Mechanical Engineers yaqala ukushicilela izindinganiso zamathuluzi ezimboni nezingxenye zomshini ngo-1880 futhi ibilokhu iyimbangela yokuthuthukiswa kokuphepha kuma-boilers nemikhumbi yokucindezela esetshenziswa kuzo zonke izimboni.
Njengoba ipayipi livame ukuhambisana nemikhumbi yokucindezela, amazinga e-ASME amboza izinhlobo eziningi zezicelo zamapayipi ezimbonini eziningi, njenge-ASTM. Eqinisweni, amazinga epayipi e-ASME kanye ne-ASTM afana kakhulu. Noma nini lapho ubona indinganiso yepayipi evezwe ngo-'A' kanye no-'SA'—isibonelo yi-A/SA 333—kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi izinto zihlangabezana nezindinganiso ze-ASTM kanye ne-ASME.
3. I-API
Njengoba igama layo lisho, i-American Petroleum Institute yinhlangano eqondene nomkhakha, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ethuthukisa futhi ishicilele amazinga amapayipi nezinye izinto ezisetshenziswa embonini kawoyela negesi.
Amapayipi alinganiswe ngaphansi kwendinganiso ye-API angafana kakhulu ngezinto zokwakha kanye nomklamo namapayipi asetshenziswa kwezinye izimboni ngaphansi kwendinganiso ezithile. Izindinganiso ze-API ziqinile kakhulu futhi zifaka izidingo zokuhlola ezengeziwe, kodwa kukhona ukufana okuthile.
Ipayipi le-API 5L, isibonelo, livame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni zikawoyela negesi. Indinganiso ifana ne-A/SA 106 kanye ne-A/SA 53. Amanye amazinga epayipi le-API 5L ahambisana nezindinganiso ze-A/SA 106 kanye ne-A/SA 53 ngakho-ke angasetshenziswa ngokushintshana. Kodwa ipayipi le-A/SA 106 kanye ne-A/SA 53 alihambisani nazo zonke izindlela ze-API 5L.
4. I-ANSI
I-American National Standards Institute yasungulwa ngemuva kokuhlangana kwezinhlangano eziningana zezindinganiso zemboni ngo-1916 ngenhloso yokuthuthukisa izindinganiso zokuvumelana ngokuzithandela e-US.
I-ANSI ijoyine nezinhlangano ezifanayo kwamanye amazwe ukwakha i-International Organisation for Standardization (ISO). Le Nhlangano ishicilela amazinga amukelwa ngababambiqhaza bezimboni abavela emhlabeni wonke. I-ANSI iphinde isebenze njengendikimba egunyazayo evumela amazinga athuthukiswe yizinhlangano ngazinye ukuze asetshenziswe emhlabeni wonke.
Izindinganiso eziningi ze-ASTM, i-ASME kanye nezinye ziye zavunyelwa yi-ANSI njengezindinganiso ezivamile ezamukelekayo. Isibonelo esisodwa indinganiso ye-ASME B16 yama-flange, ama-valve, ama-fitting kanye nama-gasket. Indinganiso yasungulwa ekuqaleni yi-ASME, kodwa iye yavunyelwa ukusetshenziswa emhlabeni wonke yi-ANSI.
Imizamo ye-ANSI isize ukuvula izimakethe zomhlaba wonke zabakhiqizi kanye nabaphakeli bamapayipi ngenxa yendima yayo ekuthuthukisweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwezindinganiso ezivamile ezamukelwa emhlabeni jikelele.
5. Umhlinzeki wamapayipi ofanele
Njengoba inesipiliyoni seminyaka eminingi yokuhlinzeka ngamapayipi kumakhasimende azo zonke izimboni emhlabeni jikelele, iJindalai Steel Group iyaqonda ubunzima kanye nokubaluleka kwezindinganiso eziningi ezilawula ukukhiqizwa nokuhlolwa kwamapayipi. Masisebenzise leso sipiliyoni ukuze kuzuze ibhizinisi lakho. Ngokukhetha iJindalai njengomhlinzeki wakho, ungagxila kulokho okubaluleke kakhulu kuwe esikhundleni sokuhlala ugxile emininingwaneni. Amapayipi ensimbi kaJindalai angahlangabezana nazo zonke izindinganiso ezishiwo ngenhla.
Uma unesidingo sokuthenga, cela ikhotheshini. Sizokunikeza eyodwa ezokutholela imikhiqizo oyidingayo ngokushesha. Thumela umbuzo wakho futhi sizojabula ukukubonisana nawe ngobuchwepheshe.
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba 19-2022
