Ngenxa yokuthi ipayipi livame kakhulu ezimbonini eziningi, akumangazi ukuthi izinhlangano eziningi zamazinga ahlukene zinomthelela ekukhiqizeni nasekuhlolweni kwepayipi ukuze lisetshenziswe ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezicelo.
Njengoba uzobona, kukhona kokubili ukugqagqana kanye nomehluko phakathi kwezinhlangano zamazinga okufanele abathengi baziqonde ukuze baqinisekise ukucaciswa okunembile kwamaphrojekthi abo.
1. ASTM
I-ASTM International ihlinzeka ngempahla yezimboni kanye namazinga wesevisi emikhakheni eyahlukene yezimboni. Le nhlangano ishicilele amazinga angaphezu kwe-12,000 asetshenziswa manje ezimbonini emhlabeni jikelele.
Ngaphezu kwe-100 yalawo mazinga aphathelene nepayipi lensimbi, amashubhu, izifakelo nama-flange. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlangano zamazinga ezithinta ipayipi lensimbi emikhakheni ethile yezimboni, izindinganiso ze-ASTM zihlanganisa inhlobonhlobo yamapayipi asetshenziswa cishe kuyo yonke imboni ongayicabanga.
Isibonelo, i-American Piping Products igcina ububanzi obugcwele bepayipi le-A106. Izinga le-A106 limboza ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo lesevisi yezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Lelo zinga alikhawuleli ipayipi kunoma yisiphi isicelo sezimboni.
2. ASME
I-American Society of Mechanical Engineers yaqala ukushicilela izindinganiso zamathuluzi ezimboni nezingxenye zomshini ngo-1880 futhi ibilokhu igqugquzela ukuthuthukiswa kokuphepha kumabhayela nemikhumbi yokucindezela esetshenziswa kuyo yonke imikhakha yezimboni.
Njengoba ipayipi ngokuvamile lihambisana nemikhumbi yokucindezela, amazinga e-ASME amboza inhlobonhlobo yokufakwa kwamapayipi kuzo zonke izimboni eziningi, ezifana ne-ASTM. Eqinisweni, izindinganiso zamapayipi e-ASME kanye ne-ASTM ziyefana kakhulu. Noma nini lapho ubona indinganiso yepayipi evezwa kokubili 'A' kanye 'SA'—isibonelo i-A/SA 333—kuwuphawu lokuthi okokusebenza kuhlangabezana kokubili namazinga e-ASTM kanye ne-ASME.
3. I-API
Njengoba igama layo libonisa, i-American Petroleum Institute iyinhlangano eqondene nemboni ethile, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ethuthukisa futhi ishicilele izindinganiso zamapayipi nezinye izinto ezisetshenziswa embonini kawoyela negesi.
Amapayipi akalwe ngaphansi kwezinga le-API angafana kakhulu nokokusebenza nasekuklanyweni kumapayipi asetshenziswa kwezinye izimboni ngaphansi kwamanye amazinga. Amazinga e-API aqine kakhulu futhi afaka nezidingo ezengeziwe zokuhlola, kodwa kukhona ukugqagqana.
Ipayipi le-API 5L, isibonelo, livame ukusetshenziswa kuzilungiselelo zikawoyela negesi. Izinga liyafana ne-A/SA 106 kanye ne-A/SA 53. Amanye amabanga epayipi le-API 5L athobela amazinga e-A/SA 106 kanye ne-A/SA 53 ngakho-ke angasetshenziswa ngokushintshana. Kodwa ipayipi i-A/SA 106 ne-A/SA 53 azihambisani nazo zonke izinqubo ze-API 5L.
4. I-ANSI
I-American National Standards Institute yasungulwa kulandela ukuqoqwa kwezinhlangano zamazinga emboni eziningana ngo-1916 ngenhloso yokuthuthukisa izindinganiso zokuvumelana ngokuzithandela e-US.
I-ANSI ihlanganyele nezinhlangano ezifanayo kwamanye amazwe ukuze zakhe i-International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Inhlangano ishicilela amazinga amukelwa ababambiqhaza bezimboni abavela emhlabeni wonke. I-ANSI iphinde isebenze njengenhlangano egunyazayo evumela izindinganiso ezithuthukiswe izinhlangano ngazinye ukuze zamukelwe emhlabeni wonke.
Izindinganiso eziningi ze-ASTM, ASME nezinye zigunyazwe i-ANSI njengamazinga avamile amukelekayo. Isibonelo esisodwa yizinga le-ASME B16 lama-flange, ama-valve, okokufakwayo nama-gaskets. Izinga lasungulwa i-ASME, kodwa ligunyazwe ukuthi lisetshenziswe emhlabeni wonke yi-ANSI.
Imizamo ye-ANSI isize ukuvula izimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe kubakhiqizi nabahlinzeki bepayipi ngenxa yendima yayo ekuthuthukisweni nasekwemukelweni kwamazinga afanayo amukelwa emhlabeni jikelele.
5. Umhlinzeki wepayipi ofanele
Njengoba inamashumi eminyaka yokuhlangenwe nakho kokuhlinzeka ngamapayipi kumakhasimende azo zonke izimboni emhlabeni wonke, i-Jindalai Steel Group iyabuqonda ubunkimbinkimbi nokubaluleka kwamazinga amaningi alawula ukukhiqizwa nokuhlolwa kwepayipi. Masisebenzise lokho okwenziwayo ukuze kuzuze ibhizinisi lakho. Ngokukhetha i-Jindalai njengomphakeli wakho, ungagxila kulokho okubaluleke kakhulu kuwe esikhundleni sokugxila emininingwaneni. Amapayipi ensimbi kaJindalai angahlangabezana nazo zonke izindinganiso ezishiwo ngenhla.
Uma unezidingo zokuthenga, cela ikhotheshini. Sizohlinzeka ngeyokutholela yona kanye imikhiqizo oyidingayo ngokushesha. Thumela uphenyo lwakho futhi sizokujabulela ukubonisana nawe ngobuchwepheshe.
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Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-19-2022